Taxonomy and Systematic Botany 11th Science Lessons
Taxonomy and Systematic Botany 11th Science Lessons
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- Answered
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Question 1 of 160
1. Question
Which Greek Philosopher known as “Father of Botany”?
Correct
Theophrastus (372 – 287 BC), the Greek Philosopher known as “Father of Botany”. He named and described some 500 plants in his “De Historia Plantarum”.
Incorrect
Theophrastus (372 – 287 BC), the Greek Philosopher known as “Father of Botany”. He named and described some 500 plants in his “De Historia Plantarum”.
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Question 2 of 160
2. Question
Which Greek physician, described and illustrated in his famous “Materia medica” and described about 600 medicinal plants?
Correct
Dioscorides (62 – 127 AD), Greek physician, described and illustrated in his famous “Materia medica” and described about 600 medicinal plants. From 16th century onwards Europe has witnessed a major-developments in the field of Taxonomy.
Incorrect
Dioscorides (62 – 127 AD), Greek physician, described and illustrated in his famous “Materia medica” and described about 600 medicinal plants. From 16th century onwards Europe has witnessed a major-developments in the field of Taxonomy.
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Question 3 of 160
3. Question
Who among the in year 1753 published s ‘Species Plantarum’ laid strong foundation for the binomial nomenclature?
Correct
Carl Linnaeus ‘Species Plantarum’ (1753) laid strong foundation for the binomial nomenclature. Taxonomy is no more classical morphology-based discipline but become a dynamic and transdisciplinary subject, making use of many branches of botany.
Incorrect
Carl Linnaeus ‘Species Plantarum’ (1753) laid strong foundation for the binomial nomenclature. Taxonomy is no more classical morphology-based discipline but become a dynamic and transdisciplinary subject, making use of many branches of botany.
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Question 4 of 160
4. Question
Which among the following is not the branches of botany?
Correct
Branches of botany are such as Cell Biology, Physiology, Biochemistry, Ecology, Pharmacology and also Modern Biotechnology, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics. It helps to understand biodiversity, wildlife, forest management of natural resources for sustainable use of plants and eco restoration.
Incorrect
Branches of botany are such as Cell Biology, Physiology, Biochemistry, Ecology, Pharmacology and also Modern Biotechnology, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics. It helps to understand biodiversity, wildlife, forest management of natural resources for sustainable use of plants and eco restoration.
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Question 5 of 160
5. Question
Which is defined as as “the science dealing with the study of classification including the bases, principles, rules and procedures”?
Correct
The word taxonomy is derived from Greek words “taxis” (arrangement) and “nomos” (rules or laws). Taxonomy is defined as as “the science dealing with the study of classification including the bases, principles, rules and procedures”.
Incorrect
The word taxonomy is derived from Greek words “taxis” (arrangement) and “nomos” (rules or laws). Taxonomy is defined as as “the science dealing with the study of classification including the bases, principles, rules and procedures”.
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Question 6 of 160
6. Question
Who defined Systematics as, “Scientific study of the kinds and diversity of organisms and all relationships among them”?
Correct
Simpson (1961) defined Systematics as, “Scientific study of the kinds and diversity of organisms and all relationships among them”. Though there are two terms (Taxonomy and Systematics) are used in an interchangeable way, they differ from each other.
Incorrect
Simpson (1961) defined Systematics as, “Scientific study of the kinds and diversity of organisms and all relationships among them”. Though there are two terms (Taxonomy and Systematics) are used in an interchangeable way, they differ from each other.
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Question 7 of 160
7. Question
Which among the following point regarding Taxonomy is incorrect?
Correct
Governs the practices of naming, describing, identifying and specimen preservation.
Incorrect
Governs the practices of naming, describing, identifying and specimen preservation.
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Question 8 of 160
8. Question
Which among the following is s the lowest of classification and shows the high level of similarities among the organisms?
Correct
Species is the lowest of classification and shows the high level of similarities among the organisms. For example, Helianthus annuus and Helianthus tuberosus. These two species differ in their morphology. Both of them are herbs but Helianthus tuberosus is a perennial herb.
Incorrect
Species is the lowest of classification and shows the high level of similarities among the organisms. For example, Helianthus annuus and Helianthus tuberosus. These two species differ in their morphology. Both of them are herbs but Helianthus tuberosus is a perennial herb.
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Question 9 of 160
9. Question
Which among the following comprises a number of genera which share some similarities among them?
Correct
Family comprises a number of genera which share some similarities among them. Example: Asteraceae.
Incorrect
Family comprises a number of genera which share some similarities among them. Example: Asteraceae.
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Question 10 of 160
10. Question
Which among the following point regarding systematics is incorrect?
Correct
Broad field of biology that studies the diversification of species.
Incorrect
Broad field of biology that studies the diversification of species.
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Question 11 of 160
11. Question
Which among the following consists of multiple species which have similar characters but differ from the species of another genus?
Correct
Genus consists of multiple species which have similar characters but differ from the species of another genus. Example: Helianthus, Tridax.
Incorrect
Genus consists of multiple species which have similar characters but differ from the species of another genus. Example: Helianthus, Tridax.
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Question 12 of 160
12. Question
Which is the highest level or rank of the classification?
Correct
Kingdom is the highest level or rank of the classification. Example: Plantae.
Incorrect
Kingdom is the highest level or rank of the classification. Example: Plantae.
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Question 13 of 160
13. Question
Which includes group of families which show less similarities among them?
Correct
Order includes group of families which show less similarities among them. Class consists of group of orders which share few similarities. Division is the next level of classification that consists of number of classes. Example: Magnoliophyta.
Incorrect
Order includes group of families which show less similarities among them. Class consists of group of orders which share few similarities. Division is the next level of classification that consists of number of classes. Example: Magnoliophyta.
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Question 14 of 160
14. Question
Which among the following is not the characters of species?
Correct
Species is the fundamental unit of taxonomic classification. Species is a group of individual organisms which have the following characters. 1. A population of organisms which closely resemble each other more than the other population. 2. They descend from a common ancestor. 3. In sexually reproducing organisms, they interbreed freely in nature, producing fertile offspring
Incorrect
Species is the fundamental unit of taxonomic classification. Species is a group of individual organisms which have the following characters. 1. A population of organisms which closely resemble each other more than the other population. 2. They descend from a common ancestor. 3. In sexually reproducing organisms, they interbreed freely in nature, producing fertile offspring
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Question 15 of 160
15. Question
Which among the following is not the type of species?
Correct
Species concepts can be classified into two general groups. Concept emphasizing process of evolution that maintains the species as a unit and that can result in evolutionary divergence and speciation. Another concept emphasises the product of evolution in defining a species. They are 1. Process of evolution – Biological Species 2. Product of evolution – Morphological Species and Phylogenetic Species.
Incorrect
Species concepts can be classified into two general groups. Concept emphasizing process of evolution that maintains the species as a unit and that can result in evolutionary divergence and speciation. Another concept emphasises the product of evolution in defining a species. They are 1. Process of evolution – Biological Species 2. Product of evolution – Morphological Species and Phylogenetic Species.
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Question 16 of 160
16. Question
When the individuals are similar to one another in one or more features and different from other such groups, they are called ____
Correct
When the individuals are similar to one another in one or more features and different from other such groups, they are called morphological species.
Incorrect
When the individuals are similar to one another in one or more features and different from other such groups, they are called morphological species.
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Question 17 of 160
17. Question
According to whom, biological species are groups of populations that interbreed and are reproductively isolated from other such groups in nature?
Correct
According to Ernest Mayr 1963, “biological species are groups of populations that interbreed and are reproductively isolated from other such groups in nature”.
Incorrect
According to Ernest Mayr 1963, “biological species are groups of populations that interbreed and are reproductively isolated from other such groups in nature”.
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Question 18 of 160
18. Question
Who among the following was not the part of development of concept of Phylogenetic Specie?
Correct
Phylogenetic Species concept was developed by Meglitsch (1954), Simpson (1961) and Wiley (1978). Wiley defined phylogenetic species as “an evolutionary species is a single lineage of ancestor descendent populations which maintains its identity from other such lineages which has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate”.
Incorrect
Phylogenetic Species concept was developed by Meglitsch (1954), Simpson (1961) and Wiley (1978). Wiley defined phylogenetic species as “an evolutionary species is a single lineage of ancestor descendent populations which maintains its identity from other such lineages which has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate”.
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Question 19 of 160
19. Question
Assigning name for a plant is known as _____
Correct
Assigning name for a plant is known as Nomenclature. This is based on the rules and recommendations of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. ICBN deals with the names of existing (living) and extinct (fossil) organisms.
Incorrect
Assigning name for a plant is known as Nomenclature. This is based on the rules and recommendations of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. ICBN deals with the names of existing (living) and extinct (fossil) organisms.
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Question 20 of 160
20. Question
In 1813 a detailed set of rules regarding plant nomenclature was given by whom in his famous work “Theorie elementaire de la botanique”?
Correct
The elementary rule of naming of plants was first proposed by Linnaeus in 1751 in his Philosophia Botanica. In 1813 a detailed set of rules regarding plant nomenclature was given by A.P. de Candolle in his famous work “Theorie elementaire de la botanique”. Then the present ICBN was evolved by following the same rules of Linnaeus, A.P. de Candolle and his son Alphonse de Candolle.
Incorrect
The elementary rule of naming of plants was first proposed by Linnaeus in 1751 in his Philosophia Botanica. In 1813 a detailed set of rules regarding plant nomenclature was given by A.P. de Candolle in his famous work “Theorie elementaire de la botanique”. Then the present ICBN was evolved by following the same rules of Linnaeus, A.P. de Candolle and his son Alphonse de Candolle.
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Question 21 of 160
21. Question
Where the International Botanical Congress held in July 2011 brought the change i.e., ICBN is redesignated as ICN?
Correct
ICBN due to specific reasons and in order to separate plant kingdom from other organisms, is redesignated as ICN. The International Botanical Congress held in Melbourne in July 2011 brought this change. The ICN stands for International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants.
Incorrect
ICBN due to specific reasons and in order to separate plant kingdom from other organisms, is redesignated as ICN. The International Botanical Congress held in Melbourne in July 2011 brought this change. The ICN stands for International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants.
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Question 22 of 160
22. Question
Which among the following principles of ICN is incorrect
Correct
Botanical nomenclature is independent of zoological and bacteriological nomenclature.
Incorrect
Botanical nomenclature is independent of zoological and bacteriological nomenclature.
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Question 23 of 160
23. Question
Scientific names of taxonomic groups are treated as what regardless of their derivation?
Correct
Scientific names of taxonomic groups are treated as Latin regardless of their derivation. The rules of nomenclature are retroactive unless expressly limited.
Incorrect
Scientific names of taxonomic groups are treated as Latin regardless of their derivation. The rules of nomenclature are retroactive unless expressly limited.
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Question 24 of 160
24. Question
What is the time interval in which International Botanical Congress is held at different places?
Correct
ICN has formulated a set of rules and recommendations dealing with the botanical name of plants. International Botanical Congress is held at different places every six years. Proposals for nomenclatural changes and changes in rules are discussed and implemented. Changes are published in their website.
Incorrect
ICN has formulated a set of rules and recommendations dealing with the botanical name of plants. International Botanical Congress is held at different places every six years. Proposals for nomenclatural changes and changes in rules are discussed and implemented. Changes are published in their website.
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Question 25 of 160
25. Question
Sexual reproductive stage of fungus is known as _____
Correct
Anamorph – Asexual reproductive stage of fungus. Teleomorph – Sexual reproductive stage of fungus.
Incorrect
Anamorph – Asexual reproductive stage of fungus. Teleomorph – Sexual reproductive stage of fungus.
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Question 26 of 160
26. Question
Where 19th International Botanical Congress was held in 2017?
Correct
19th International Botanical Congress was held in Shenzhen in China in 2017.
Incorrect
19th International Botanical Congress was held in Shenzhen in China in 2017.
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Question 27 of 160
27. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding major changes made in 18th International Botanical Congress held in 2011at Melbourne?
1) The code now permits electronic publication of names of new taxa. Latin diagnosis or description is not mandatory and permits the use of English or Latin for the publication of a new name (Art-39).
2) “One fungus, many name” and “one fossil many name” are important changes, the concept of anamorph and teleomorph (for fungi) and morphotaxa (for fossils) have been added. (Previously, sexual and asexual stages of the fungus/ fossils were provided with same names).
3) As an experiment with “registration of names” new fungal descriptions require the use of an identifier from a “recognized repository”. There are two recognized repositories Index fungorum and Myco Bank.Correct
“One fungus, one name” and “one fossil one name” are important changes, the concept of anamorph and teleomorph (for fungi) and morphotaxa (for fossils) have been eliminated. (Previously, sexual and asexual stages of the fungus/ fossils were provided with different names).
Incorrect
“One fungus, one name” and “one fossil one name” are important changes, the concept of anamorph and teleomorph (for fungi) and morphotaxa (for fossils) have been eliminated. (Previously, sexual and asexual stages of the fungus/ fossils were provided with different names).
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Question 28 of 160
28. Question
Which among the following is also known as common name?
Correct
Vernacular names are known as common names. They are very often descriptive and poetic references to plants. Common name refers to more than one plant or many plants may have same common name. These names are regional or local and are not universal. Example: Albizia amara. L belongs to Mimosaceae is called as Usilai in South Tamil Nadu and Thurinji in North Tamil Nadu.
Incorrect
Vernacular names are known as common names. They are very often descriptive and poetic references to plants. Common name refers to more than one plant or many plants may have same common name. These names are regional or local and are not universal. Example: Albizia amara. L belongs to Mimosaceae is called as Usilai in South Tamil Nadu and Thurinji in North Tamil Nadu.
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Question 29 of 160
29. Question
What is the scientific name of the paddy?
Correct
Each and every taxon as per the ICN (species, genus, family etc) can have only one correct scientific name. Scientific name of a species is always a binomial. These names are universally applied. Example: Oryza sativa L. is the scientific name of paddy.
Incorrect
Each and every taxon as per the ICN (species, genus, family etc) can have only one correct scientific name. Scientific name of a species is always a binomial. These names are universally applied. Example: Oryza sativa L. is the scientific name of paddy.
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Question 30 of 160
30. Question
Which among the following statement is correct
1) Polynomial is a descriptive phrase of a plant. Example: Ranunculus calycibus retroflexis pedunculis falcatis caule erecto folius compositis. It means butter cup with reflexed sepals, curved flower stalks, erect stem and compound leaves. Polynomial system of naming a plant is replaced by a binomial system by Linnaeus.
2) Binomial nomenclature was first introduced by John Ray and it was implemented by Carolus Linnaeus. Scientific name of a species consists of two words and according to binomial nomenclature, the first one is called specific name and second one is genus epithet. Example: Mangifera indica. Mangifera is a specific name and indica is genus epithet.Correct
Binomial nomenclature was first introduced by Gaspard Bauhin and it was implemented by Carolus Linnaeus. Scientific name of a species consists of two words and according to binomial nomenclature, the first one is called genus name and second one is specific epithet. Example: Mangifera indica. Mangifera is a genus name and indica is specific epithet. This system is in vogue even now.
Incorrect
Binomial nomenclature was first introduced by Gaspard Bauhin and it was implemented by Carolus Linnaeus. Scientific name of a species consists of two words and according to binomial nomenclature, the first one is called genus name and second one is specific epithet. Example: Mangifera indica. Mangifera is a genus name and indica is specific epithet. This system is in vogue even now.
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Question 31 of 160
31. Question
Which refers to valid name of the taxa accompanied by the author’s name who published the name validly?
Correct
Author citation refers to valid name of the taxa accompanied by the author’s name who published the name validly. Example: Solanum nigrum L. There are two types of author citation. They are Single author (Example: Pithecellobium cinereum Benth) and Multiple author (Example: Delphinium viscosum Hook. f. et Thomson).
Incorrect
Author citation refers to valid name of the taxa accompanied by the author’s name who published the name validly. Example: Solanum nigrum L. There are two types of author citation. They are Single author (Example: Pithecellobium cinereum Benth) and Multiple author (Example: Delphinium viscosum Hook. f. et Thomson).
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Question 32 of 160
32. Question
Which is the largest botanical garden in the world, established in 1760, but officially opened in the year 1841?
Correct
Royal Botanic Garden Kew- England is a non- departmental public body in the United Kingdom. It is the largest botanical garden in the world, established in 1760, but officially opened in the year 1841. Plant collections include Aquatic garden, Arboretum with 14,000 trees, Bonsai collection, Cacti collection and Carnivorous plant collection.
Incorrect
Royal Botanic Garden Kew- England is a non- departmental public body in the United Kingdom. It is the largest botanical garden in the world, established in 1760, but officially opened in the year 1841. Plant collections include Aquatic garden, Arboretum with 14,000 trees, Bonsai collection, Cacti collection and Carnivorous plant collection.
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Question 33 of 160
33. Question
Some techniques, procedures and stored information that are useful in identification and classification of organisms in taxonomic are called _____
Correct
Taxonomic aids are the tools for the taxonomic study. Some techniques, procedures and stored information that are useful in identification and classification of organisms are called taxonomical aids. They are required in almost all branches of biological studies for their proper identification and for finding their relationship with others.
Incorrect
Taxonomic aids are the tools for the taxonomic study. Some techniques, procedures and stored information that are useful in identification and classification of organisms are called taxonomical aids. They are required in almost all branches of biological studies for their proper identification and for finding their relationship with others.
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Question 34 of 160
34. Question
Which among the following is not the taxonomic aids?
Correct
Some of the taxonomical aids are keys, flora, revisions, monograph, catalogues, herbarium, botanical gardens etc.
Incorrect
Some of the taxonomical aids are keys, flora, revisions, monograph, catalogues, herbarium, botanical gardens etc.
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Question 35 of 160
35. Question
Which among the following statement is correct
1) Taxonomic keys are the tools for the identification of unfamiliar plants. These keys are based on characters which are stable and reliable. The most common type of key is a dichotomous key. It consists of a sequence of two contrasting statements.
2) A pair of contrasting statements is known as couplet. Each statement is known as lead. The plant is correctly identified with keys by narrowing down the characters found in plant.
3) Another type of key for identification is the Polyclave or Multi-entry key. It consists of a list of numerous character states. The user selects all states that match the specimen. Polyclave keys are implemented by a computer algorithm.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 36 of 160
36. Question
In which among the following the famous “hanging gardens” of Babylon is located?
Correct
In true sense all gardens are not botanical gardens. Botanical gardens are centres for collection of plants in their various stages of living. Gardens existed for growing ornamental plants for aesthetic value, religious and status reasons. The famous “hanging gardens” of Babylon in Mesopotamia is an example.
Incorrect
In true sense all gardens are not botanical gardens. Botanical gardens are centres for collection of plants in their various stages of living. Gardens existed for growing ornamental plants for aesthetic value, religious and status reasons. The famous “hanging gardens” of Babylon in Mesopotamia is an example.
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Question 37 of 160
37. Question
For the purpose of science and education the first garden was maintained by whom in his public lecture hall at Athens?
Correct
For the purpose of science and education the first garden was maintained by Theophrastus in his public lecture hall at Athens. Botanical garden contains special plant collections such as cacti, succulent, green house, shade house, tropical, alpine and exotic plants
Incorrect
For the purpose of science and education the first garden was maintained by Theophrastus in his public lecture hall at Athens. Botanical garden contains special plant collections such as cacti, succulent, green house, shade house, tropical, alpine and exotic plants
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Question 38 of 160
38. Question
Where the First modern botanical garden was established by Luca Ghini (1490-1556) a professor of Botany?
Correct
First modern botanical garden was established by Luca Ghini (1490-1556) a professor of Botany at Pisa, Italy in 1544. Worldwide there are about 1800 botanical gardens and arboreta.
Incorrect
First modern botanical garden was established by Luca Ghini (1490-1556) a professor of Botany at Pisa, Italy in 1544. Worldwide there are about 1800 botanical gardens and arboreta.
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Question 39 of 160
39. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Role of Botanical Garden?
1) Gardens with aesthetic value which attract a large number of visitors. For example, the Great Banyan Tree (Ficus benghalensis) in the Indian Botanical Garden at Kolkata. Gardens have a wide range of species and supply taxonomic material for botanical research.
2) Garden is used for self-instruction or demonstration purposes. It can integrate information of diverse fields like Anatomy, Embryology, Phytochemistry, Cytology, Physiology and Ecology.
3) Act as a conservation centre for diversity, rare and endangered species. It offers annual list of available species and a free exchange of seeds. Botanical garden gives information about method of propagation, sale of plant material to the general public.Correct
Gardens with aesthetic value which attract a large number of visitors. For example, the Great Banyan Tree (Ficus benghalensis) in the Indian Botanical Garden at Kolkata. Gardens have a wide range of species and supply taxonomic material for botanical research.
Incorrect
Gardens with aesthetic value which attract a large number of visitors. For example, the Great Banyan Tree (Ficus benghalensis) in the Indian Botanical Garden at Kolkata. Gardens have a wide range of species and supply taxonomic material for botanical research.
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Question 40 of 160
40. Question
Which are store houses of preserved plant collections in which plants are preserved in the form of pressed and dried specimens mounted on a sheet of paper?
Correct
Herbaria are store houses of preserved plant collections. Plants are preserved in the form of pressed and dried specimens mounted on a sheet of paper. Herbaria act as a centre for research and function as sources of material for systematic work. Herbarium Specimen is defined as a pressed and dried plant sample that is permanently glued or strapped to a sheet of paper along with a documentation label.
Incorrect
Herbaria are store houses of preserved plant collections. Plants are preserved in the form of pressed and dried specimens mounted on a sheet of paper. Herbaria act as a centre for research and function as sources of material for systematic work. Herbarium Specimen is defined as a pressed and dried plant sample that is permanently glued or strapped to a sheet of paper along with a documentation label.
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Question 41 of 160
41. Question
Which among the following step is not involved in Preparation of herbarium specimen?
Correct
Preparation of herbarium specimen includes the following steps. 1. Plant collection: Field collection, Liquid preserved collection, Living collection, Collection for molecular studies. 2. Documentation of field site data 3. Preparation of plant specimen 4. Mounting herbarium specimen 5. Herbarium labels. 6. Protection of herbarium sheets against mold and insects.
Incorrect
Preparation of herbarium specimen includes the following steps. 1. Plant collection: Field collection, Liquid preserved collection, Living collection, Collection for molecular studies. 2. Documentation of field site data 3. Preparation of plant specimen 4. Mounting herbarium specimen 5. Herbarium labels. 6. Protection of herbarium sheets against mold and insects.
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Question 42 of 160
42. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding uses of herbarium
1) Herbarium provides resource material for systematic research and studies. It is a place for orderly arrangement of voucher specimens. Voucher specimen serves as a reference for comparing doubtful newly collected fresh specimens.
2) Voucher specimens play a role in studies like floristic diversity, environmental assessment, ecological mechanisms and survey of unexplored areas. Herbarium provides opportunity for documenting biodiversity and studies related to the field of ecology and conservation biologyCorrect
Incorrect
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Question 43 of 160
43. Question
Where Kew Garden is situated?
Correct
Kew Garden is situated in South West London that houses the “largest and most diverse botanical and mycological collections in the world” founded in the year 1840. Living collection includes more than 30,000 different kinds of plants. While herbarium which is one of the largest in the world has over seven million preserved plant specimens.
Incorrect
Kew Garden is situated in South West London that houses the “largest and most diverse botanical and mycological collections in the world” founded in the year 1840. Living collection includes more than 30,000 different kinds of plants. While herbarium which is one of the largest in the world has over seven million preserved plant specimens.
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Question 44 of 160
44. Question
Which is the world’s smallest water lily was saved from extinction when it was grown from seed at Kew in 2009?
Correct
World’s smallest water lily Nymphaea thermarum was saved from extinction when it was grown from seed at Kew in 2009.
Incorrect
World’s smallest water lily Nymphaea thermarum was saved from extinction when it was grown from seed at Kew in 2009.
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Question 45 of 160
45. Question
Which among the following Herbarium is incorrectly matched with its country
Correct
Explanation
Komarov Botanical Institute, St.Petersburg (Leningrad), Russia.Incorrect
Explanation
Komarov Botanical Institute, St.Petersburg (Leningrad), Russia. -
Question 46 of 160
46. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding classification of plants?
1) Classification is essential to biology because there is a vast diversity of organisms to sort out and compare. Unless they are organized into manageable categories it will be difficult for identification.
2) Biological classifications are the inventions of biologists based upon the best evidence available. The scientific basis for cataloguing and retrieving information about the tremendous diversity of flora is known as classification.
3) Classification paves way for the arrangement of organisms into groups on the basis of their similarities, dissimilarities and relationships. The purpose of classification is to provide a systematic arrangement expressing the relationship between the organisms.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 47 of 160
47. Question
Which among the following is not the classification of Taxonomic entities?
Correct
Taxonomic entities are classified in three ways. They are artificial classification, natural classification and phylogenetic classification.
Incorrect
Taxonomic entities are classified in three ways. They are artificial classification, natural classification and phylogenetic classification.
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Question 48 of 160
48. Question
Who was appointed as officer on special Duty for Botanical Survey of India on 14th Oct 1952?
Correct
On 13 February 1890, a survey was formally constituted and designated as the Botanical Survey of India. After independence, the need was felt for a more comprehensive documentation of the country’s plant resources to boost the economy. Padmashree Dr.E.K.Janaki Ammal was appointed as officer on special Duty on 14th Oct 1952. Then reorganization plan was finally approved by the Govt. of India on 29 March 1954.
Incorrect
On 13 February 1890, a survey was formally constituted and designated as the Botanical Survey of India. After independence, the need was felt for a more comprehensive documentation of the country’s plant resources to boost the economy. Padmashree Dr.E.K.Janaki Ammal was appointed as officer on special Duty on 14th Oct 1952. Then reorganization plan was finally approved by the Govt. of India on 29 March 1954.
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Question 49 of 160
49. Question
Where headquarters of Botanical survey of India is located?
Correct
Calcutta is the headquarters of BSI (Botanical Survey of India). Jammu Tavi Botanical Garden has been named after Dr. E. K. Janaki Ammal.
Incorrect
Calcutta is the headquarters of BSI (Botanical Survey of India). Jammu Tavi Botanical Garden has been named after Dr. E. K. Janaki Ammal.
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Question 50 of 160
50. Question
Match the following Herbarium with its established year
i. Madras Herbarium BSI campus, Coimbatore – 1. 1795
ii. Central National Herbarium West Bengal – 2. 1844
iii. Presidency College Herbarium, Chennai – 3. 1955
iv. Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute, Kerala – 4. 1979Correct
1. Madras Herbarium BSI campus, Coimbatore – 1955, 2. Central National Herbarium West Bengal – 1795, 3. Presidency College Herbarium, Chennai – 1844 and 4. Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala – 1979.
Incorrect
1. Madras Herbarium BSI campus, Coimbatore – 1955, 2. Central National Herbarium West Bengal – 1795, 3. Presidency College Herbarium, Chennai – 1844 and 4. Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala – 1979.
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Question 51 of 160
51. Question
Taxonomists have assigned a method of classifying organisms which are called ____
Correct
Taxonomists have assigned a method of classifying organisms which are called ranks. These taxonomical ranks are hierarchical. The scheme of classification has to be flexible, allowing newly discovered living organisms to be added where they fit best.
Incorrect
Taxonomists have assigned a method of classifying organisms which are called ranks. These taxonomical ranks are hierarchical. The scheme of classification has to be flexible, allowing newly discovered living organisms to be added where they fit best.
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Question 52 of 160
52. Question
Who was a great Swedish Botanist and said to be the “Father of Taxonomy.”?
Correct
Carolus Linnaeus (1707 -1778) was a great Swedish Botanist and said to be the “Father of Taxonomy.” He outlined an artificial system of classification in “Species Plantarum” in 1753, wherein he listed and described 7,300 species and arranged in 24 classes mostly on the basis of number, union (adhesion and cohesion), length, and distribution of stamens.
Incorrect
Carolus Linnaeus (1707 -1778) was a great Swedish Botanist and said to be the “Father of Taxonomy.” He outlined an artificial system of classification in “Species Plantarum” in 1753, wherein he listed and described 7,300 species and arranged in 24 classes mostly on the basis of number, union (adhesion and cohesion), length, and distribution of stamens.
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Question 53 of 160
53. Question
Carl Linnaeus system of classification is also known as _____
Correct
Carl Linnaeus system of classification is also known as sexual system of classification. The classes were further subdivided on the basis of carpel characteristics into orders.
Incorrect
Carl Linnaeus system of classification is also known as sexual system of classification. The classes were further subdivided on the basis of carpel characteristics into orders.
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Question 54 of 160
54. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding carl Linnaeus system of classification
1) This system of classification though artificial, was continued for more than 100 years after the death of Linnaeus, due to its simplicity and easy way of identification of plants. However the system could not hold good due to the following reasons.
2) Totally unrelated plants were kept in a single group, whereas closely related plants were placed in widely separated groups. Example: Zingiberaceae of dicotyledons and Anacardiaceae of tricotyledonous were placed under the class Monandria since these possess two stamens.
3) Prunus was classified along with Cactus because of the same number of stamens. No attempts were made to classify plants based on either natural or phylogenetic relationships which exist among plant groupsCorrect
Totally unrelated plants were kept in a single group, whereas closely related plants were placed in widely separated groups. Example: Zingiberaceae of monocotyledons and Anacardiaceae of dicotyledonous were placed under the class Monandria since these possess single stamens.
Incorrect
Totally unrelated plants were kept in a single group, whereas closely related plants were placed in widely separated groups. Example: Zingiberaceae of monocotyledons and Anacardiaceae of dicotyledonous were placed under the class Monandria since these possess single stamens.
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Question 55 of 160
55. Question
The first scheme of Natural system classification based on overall similarities was presented by whom?
Correct
An approach to a natural system of classification sprouted in France. The first scheme of classification based on overall similarities was presented by Antoine Laurent de Jessieu in 1789.
Incorrect
An approach to a natural system of classification sprouted in France. The first scheme of classification based on overall similarities was presented by Antoine Laurent de Jessieu in 1789.
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Question 56 of 160
56. Question
A widely followed natural system of classification proposed by two English botanist George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker was published in a three volume work as _____
Correct
A widely followed natural system of classification considered the best was proposed by two English botanist George Bentham (1800 – 1884) and Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911). The classification was published in a three volume work as “Genera Plantarum” (1862–1883) describing 202 families and 7569 genera and 97,205 species.
Incorrect
A widely followed natural system of classification considered the best was proposed by two English botanist George Bentham (1800 – 1884) and Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911). The classification was published in a three volume work as “Genera Plantarum” (1862–1883) describing 202 families and 7569 genera and 97,205 species.
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Question 57 of 160
57. Question
Which among the following is not the classification of seeded plant according to Natural system?
Correct
In Natural system the seeded plants were classified into 3 major classes such as Dicotyledonae, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledonae.
Incorrect
In Natural system the seeded plants were classified into 3 major classes such as Dicotyledonae, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledonae.
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Question 58 of 160
58. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect
Correct
Gymnospermae Plants that contain naked seeds come under this class. Gymnospermae includes three families – Gnetaceae, Coniferae and Cycadaceae.
Incorrect
Gymnospermae Plants that contain naked seeds come under this class. Gymnospermae includes three families – Gnetaceae, Coniferae and Cycadaceae.
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Question 59 of 160
59. Question
Plants with free petals and dichlamydeous flowers come under ____
Correct
Polypetalae: Plants with free petals and dichlamydeous flowers come under polypetalae.
Incorrect
Polypetalae: Plants with free petals and dichlamydeous flowers come under polypetalae.
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Question 60 of 160
60. Question
Which among the following is not the division of Polypetalae?
Correct
Polypetalae is further divided into three series – Thalamiflorae, Disciflorae and Calyciflorae.
Incorrect
Polypetalae is further divided into three series – Thalamiflorae, Disciflorae and Calyciflorae.
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Question 61 of 160
61. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect
Correct
Disciflorae: Flowers having prominent disc shaped thalamus with superior ovary come under this series. It includes 4 orders and 23 families.
Incorrect
Disciflorae: Flowers having prominent disc shaped thalamus with superior ovary come under this series. It includes 4 orders and 23 families.
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Question 62 of 160
62. Question
Plants with united petals, which are either partially or completely fused to one another and dichlamydeous are placed under _____
Correct
Plants with united petals, which are either partially or completely fused to one another and dichlamydeous are placed under Gamopetalae.
Incorrect
Plants with united petals, which are either partially or completely fused to one another and dichlamydeous are placed under Gamopetalae.
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Question 63 of 160
63. Question
Which among the following is not the division of Gamopetalae?
Correct
Gamopetalae is further divided into three series – Inferae, Heteromerae and Bicarpellatae.
Incorrect
Gamopetalae is further divided into three series – Inferae, Heteromerae and Bicarpellatae.
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Question 64 of 160
64. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect
Correct
Heteromerae: The flowers are hypogynous, superior ovary and with more than two carpels. Heteromerae includes 3 orders and 12 families
Incorrect
Heteromerae: The flowers are hypogynous, superior ovary and with more than two carpels. Heteromerae includes 3 orders and 12 families
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Question 65 of 160
65. Question
In Monochlamydeae sepals and petals are not distinguished and they are called ___
Correct
Plants with incomplete flowers either apetalous or with undifferentiated calyx and corolla are placed under Monochlamydeae. The sepals and petals are not distinguished and they are called perianth. Sometimes both the whorls are absent. Monochlamydeae includes 8 series and 36 families.
Incorrect
Plants with incomplete flowers either apetalous or with undifferentiated calyx and corolla are placed under Monochlamydeae. The sepals and petals are not distinguished and they are called perianth. Sometimes both the whorls are absent. Monochlamydeae includes 8 series and 36 families.
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Question 66 of 160
66. Question
The Monocotyledonae has how many series and families?
Correct
The Monocotyledonae has 7 series and 34 families.
Incorrect
The Monocotyledonae has 7 series and 34 families.
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Question 67 of 160
67. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Bentham and Hooker system of classification
1) The Bentham and Hooker system of classification is still supposed to be the best system of classification. It has been widely practiced in colonial countries and herbaria of those countries were organised based on this system and is still used as a key for the identification of plants in some herbaria of the world due to the following reasons.
2) Description of plants is quite accurate and reliable, because it is mainly based on personal studies from actual specimens and not mere comparisons of known facts. As it is easy to follow, it is used as a key for the identification of plants in several herbaria of the world.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 68 of 160
68. Question
The publication of the Origin of Species (1859) by whom has given stimulus for the emergence of phylogenetic system of classification?
Correct
The publication of the Origin of Species (1859) by Charles Darwin has given stimulus for the emergence of phylogenetic system of classification.
Incorrect
The publication of the Origin of Species (1859) by Charles Darwin has given stimulus for the emergence of phylogenetic system of classification.
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Question 69 of 160
69. Question
Two German botanists Adolph Engler (1844 -1930) and Karl A Prantl (1849 – 1893) published their classification in a monumental work known as _____
Correct
One of the earliest phylogenetic system of classification of the entire plant Kingdom was jointly proposed by two German botanists Adolph Engler ( 1844 -1930) and Karl A Prantl (1849 – 1893). They published their classification in a monumental work “Die Naturelichen Pflanzen Familien” in 23 volumes (1887-1915).
Incorrect
One of the earliest phylogenetic system of classification of the entire plant Kingdom was jointly proposed by two German botanists Adolph Engler ( 1844 -1930) and Karl A Prantl (1849 – 1893). They published their classification in a monumental work “Die Naturelichen Pflanzen Familien” in 23 volumes (1887-1915).
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Question 70 of 160
70. Question
In Phylogenetic system of classification the plant kingdom was divided into how many divisions?
Correct
In Phylogenetic system of classification, the plant kingdom was divided into 13 divisions. The first 11 divisions are Thallophytes, twelfth division is Embryophyta Asiphonogama (plants with embryos but no pollen tubes; Bryophytes and Pteridophytes) and the thirteenth division is Embryophyta Siphonogama (plants with embryos and pollen tubes) which includes seed plants.
Incorrect
In Phylogenetic system of classification, the plant kingdom was divided into 13 divisions. The first 11 divisions are Thallophytes, twelfth division is Embryophyta Asiphonogama (plants with embryos but no pollen tubes; Bryophytes and Pteridophytes) and the thirteenth division is Embryophyta Siphonogama (plants with embryos and pollen tubes) which includes seed plants.
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Question 71 of 160
71. Question
Who is an eminent American taxonomist proposed phylogenetic classification of flowering plants based on a wide range of taxonomic characters including anatomical and phytochemical characters of phylogenetic importance?
Correct
Arthur Cronquist (1919 – 1992) an eminent American taxonomist proposed phylogenetic classification of flowering plants based on a wide range of taxonomic characters including anatomical and phytochemical characters of phylogenetic importance.
Incorrect
Arthur Cronquist (1919 – 1992) an eminent American taxonomist proposed phylogenetic classification of flowering plants based on a wide range of taxonomic characters including anatomical and phytochemical characters of phylogenetic importance.
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Question 72 of 160
72. Question
Arthur Cronquist has presented his classification in 1968 in his book titled _____
Correct
Arthur Cronquist has presented his classification in 1968 in his book titled “The evolution and classification of flowering plants.” His classification is broadly based on the Principles of phylogeny that finds acceptance with major contemporary authors.
Incorrect
Arthur Cronquist has presented his classification in 1968 in his book titled “The evolution and classification of flowering plants.” His classification is broadly based on the Principles of phylogeny that finds acceptance with major contemporary authors.
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Question 73 of 160
73. Question
Which among the following not classification of angiosperms into classes by Cronquist?
Correct
Cronquist classified the angiosperms into two main classes Magnoliopsida (=dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (= monocotyledons). There are 6 subclasses, 64 orders, 320 families and about 165,000 species in Magnoliopsida, whereas in Liliopsida there are 5 sub classes, 19 orders, 66 families and about 50,000 species.
Incorrect
Cronquist classified the angiosperms into two main classes Magnoliopsida (=dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (= monocotyledons). There are 6 subclasses, 64 orders, 320 families and about 165,000 species in Magnoliopsida, whereas in Liliopsida there are 5 sub classes, 19 orders, 66 families and about 50,000 species.
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Question 74 of 160
74. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Angiosperm phylogeny group (APG) classification?
1) Angiosperm phylogeny group (APG) classification is the most recent classification of flowering plants based on phylogenetic data was set in the last decade of twentieth century. Four versions of Angiosperm Phylogenetic Group classification (APG I, APG II, APG III & APG IV) have been published in 1998, 2003, 2009 and 2016 respectively.
2) Each version supplants the previous version. Recognition of monophyletic group based on the information received from various disciplines such as gross morphology, anatomy, embryology, palynology, karyology, phytochemistry and more strongly on molecular data with respect to DNA sequences of two chloroplast genes (atpB and rbcL) and one nuclear gene (nuclear ribosomal 18s DNA).
3) The most recent updated version, APG IV (2016) recognised 68 orders and 281 families. Of these, 164 families 259 are represented in India. The outline of APG IV classification is given below. Angiosperms are classified into two clades monocots and eudicots. Monocots are classified into 8 orders and 26 families (ANAclade + magnoliids + Chloranthales).Correct
The most recent updated version, APG IV (2016) recognised 64 orders and 416 families. Of these, 416 families 259 are represented in India. The outline of APG IV classification is given below. Angiosperms are classified into three clades early angiosperms, monocots and eudicots. Early angiosperms are classified into 8 orders and 26 families (ANA clade + magnoliids + Chloranthales). APG system is yet to percolate into the Indian botanical curriculum.
Incorrect
The most recent updated version, APG IV (2016) recognised 64 orders and 416 families. Of these, 416 families 259 are represented in India. The outline of APG IV classification is given below. Angiosperms are classified into three clades early angiosperms, monocots and eudicots. Early angiosperms are classified into 8 orders and 26 families (ANA clade + magnoliids + Chloranthales). APG system is yet to percolate into the Indian botanical curriculum.
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Question 75 of 160
75. Question
APG III system is accepted in which among the following country?
Correct
A significant number of major herbaria, including Kew are changing the order of their collections in accordance with APG. A recent photographic survey of the plants of USA and Canada is organized according to the APG III system. In UK, the latest edition of the standard flora of the British Isles written by Stace is based on the APG III system. The influential world checklist of selected plant families (also from kew) is being updated to the APG III system.
Incorrect
A significant number of major herbaria, including Kew are changing the order of their collections in accordance with APG. A recent photographic survey of the plants of USA and Canada is organized according to the APG III system. In UK, the latest edition of the standard flora of the British Isles written by Stace is based on the APG III system. The influential world checklist of selected plant families (also from kew) is being updated to the APG III system.
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Question 76 of 160
76. Question
Which among the following statement is correct
1) Taxonomists now accept that; the morphological characters alone should not be considered in systematic classification of plants. The complete knowledge of taxonomy is possible with the principles of various disciplines like Cytology, Genetics, Anatomy, Physiology, Geographical Distribution, Embryology, Ecology, Palynology, Phenology, Bio-Chemistry, Numerical Taxonomy and Transplant Experiments.
2) These have been found to be useful in solving some of the taxonomical problems by providing additional characters. It has changed the face of classification from alpha (classical) to omega (modern kind). Thus, the new systematic has evolved into a better taxonomy.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 77 of 160
77. Question
Which is the scientific approach of classification of plants on the basis of their biochemical constituents?
Correct
Proteins, amino acids, nucleic acids, peptides etc. are the most studied chemicals in chemotaxonomy. Chemotaxonomy is the scientific approach of classification of plants on the basis of their biochemical constituents.
Incorrect
Proteins, amino acids, nucleic acids, peptides etc. are the most studied chemicals in chemotaxonomy. Chemotaxonomy is the scientific approach of classification of plants on the basis of their biochemical constituents.
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Question 78 of 160
78. Question
Which among the following are more closely controlled by genes and less subjected to natural selection, it has been used at all hierarchical levels of classification starting from the rank of ‘variety’ up to the rank of division in plants?
Correct
Explanation
As proteins are more closely controlled by genes and less subjected to natural selection, it has been used at all hierarchical levels of classification starting from the rank of ‘variety’ up to the rank of division in plants. Aims of chemotaxonomy 1. To develop taxonomic characters which may improve existing system of plant classification. 2. To improve present day knowledge of phylogeny of plantsIncorrect
Explanation
As proteins are more closely controlled by genes and less subjected to natural selection, it has been used at all hierarchical levels of classification starting from the rank of ‘variety’ up to the rank of division in plants. Aims of chemotaxonomy 1. To develop taxonomic characters which may improve existing system of plant classification. 2. To improve present day knowledge of phylogeny of plants -
Question 79 of 160
79. Question
In Chemotaxonomy, chemical characters can be divided into how many categories?
Correct
In Chemotaxonomy chemical characters can be divided into three main categories. 1. Easily visible characters like starch grains, silica. 2. Characters detected by chemical tests like phenolics, oil, fats, waxes. 3. Proteins.
Incorrect
In Chemotaxonomy chemical characters can be divided into three main categories. 1. Easily visible characters like starch grains, silica. 2. Characters detected by chemical tests like phenolics, oil, fats, waxes. 3. Proteins.
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Question 80 of 160
80. Question
The term biosystematics was introduced by whom in 1943?
Correct
Biosystematics is an “Experimental, ecological and cytotaxonomy” through which life forms are studied and their relationships are defined. The term biosystematics was introduced by Camp and Gilly in 1943. Many authors feel Biosystematics is closer to Cytogenetics and Ecology and much importance given not to classification but to evolution
Incorrect
Biosystematics is an “Experimental, ecological and cytotaxonomy” through which life forms are studied and their relationships are defined. The term biosystematics was introduced by Camp and Gilly in 1943. Many authors feel Biosystematics is closer to Cytogenetics and Ecology and much importance given not to classification but to evolution
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Question 81 of 160
81. Question
Which among the following aims of biosystematics is incorrect
Correct
To involve any type of data gathering based on modern concepts and not only on morphology and anatomy.
Incorrect
To involve any type of data gathering based on modern concepts and not only on morphology and anatomy.
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Question 82 of 160
82. Question
Which among the following are the carriers of genetic information?
Correct
Chromosomes are the carriers of genetic information. Increased knowledge about the chromosomes have been used for extensive biosystematic studies and resolving many taxonomic problems.
Incorrect
Chromosomes are the carriers of genetic information. Increased knowledge about the chromosomes have been used for extensive biosystematic studies and resolving many taxonomic problems.
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Question 83 of 160
83. Question
Utilization of the characters and phenomena of cytology for the explanation of taxonomic problem is known ____
Correct
Utilization of the characters and phenomena of cytology for the explanation of taxonomic problem is known as cytotaxonomy or karyotaxonomy. The characters of chromosome such as number, size, morphology and behaviour during meiosis have proved to be of taxonomic value.
Incorrect
Utilization of the characters and phenomena of cytology for the explanation of taxonomic problem is known as cytotaxonomy or karyotaxonomy. The characters of chromosome such as number, size, morphology and behaviour during meiosis have proved to be of taxonomic value.
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Question 84 of 160
84. Question
The classification of very similar plants by means of differences in the proteins they contain, to solve taxonomic problems is called ____
Correct
The classification of very similar plants by means of differences in the proteins they contain, to solve taxonomic problems is called serotaxonomy.
Incorrect
The classification of very similar plants by means of differences in the proteins they contain, to solve taxonomic problems is called serotaxonomy.
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Question 85 of 160
85. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect regarding Serotaxonomy (Immunotaxonomy)?
1) Systematic serology or serotaxonomy had its origin towards the end of eighteenth century with the discovery of serological reactions and development of the discipline of immunology. Darwin (1826) defined it as “the study of the origins and properties of angiospore.”.
2) It determines the degree of similarity between species, genera, families etc. by comparing the reactions of antigens from various plant taxa with antibodies raised against the antigen of a given taxon. Example: 1. The assignment of Phaseolus aureus and P. mungo to the genus Vigna is strongly supported by serological evidence by Chrispeels and Gartner.Correct
Systematic serology or serotaxonomy had its origin towards the end of twentieth century with the discovery of serological reactions and development of the discipline of immunology. Smith (1976) defined it as “the study of the origins and properties of antisera”.
Incorrect
Systematic serology or serotaxonomy had its origin towards the end of twentieth century with the discovery of serological reactions and development of the discipline of immunology. Smith (1976) defined it as “the study of the origins and properties of antisera”.
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Question 86 of 160
86. Question
Which helps in establishing the relationship of different plant groups at DNA level?
Correct
Molecular taxonomy helps in establishing the relationship of different plant groups at DNA level. It unlocks the treasure chest of information on evolutionary history of organisms.
Incorrect
Molecular taxonomy helps in establishing the relationship of different plant groups at DNA level. It unlocks the treasure chest of information on evolutionary history of organisms.
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Question 87 of 160
87. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Molecular taxonomy
1) Molecular Taxonomy is the branch of phylogeny that analyses hereditary molecular differences, mainly in DNA sequences, to gain information and to establish genetic relationship between the members of different taxonomic categories.
2) The advent of DNA cloning and sequencing methods have contributed immensely to the development of molecular taxonomy and population genetics over the years. These modern methods have revolutionised the field of molecular taxonomy and population genetics with improved analytical power and precision.
3) The results of a molecular phylogenetic analysis are expressed in the form of a tree called phylogenetic tree. Different molecular markers like allozymes, mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites, RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), RAPD, AFLPs (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism), single nucleotide polymorphism- (SNP), microchips or arrays are used in analysis.Correct
The results of a molecular phylogenetic analysis are expressed in the form of a tree called phylogenetic tree. Different molecular markers like allozymes, mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites, RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA), AFLPs (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism), single nucleotide polymorphism- (SNP), microchips or arrays are used in analysis.
Incorrect
The results of a molecular phylogenetic analysis are expressed in the form of a tree called phylogenetic tree. Different molecular markers like allozymes, mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites, RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA), AFLPs (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism), single nucleotide polymorphism- (SNP), microchips or arrays are used in analysis.
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Question 88 of 160
88. Question
The genetic sequence used to identify a plant is known as ____
Correct
DNA barcoding is a taxonomic method that uses a very short genetic sequence from a standard part of a genome. The genetic sequence used to identify a plant is known as “DNA tags” or “DNA barcodes”.
Incorrect
DNA barcoding is a taxonomic method that uses a very short genetic sequence from a standard part of a genome. The genetic sequence used to identify a plant is known as “DNA tags” or “DNA barcodes”.
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Question 89 of 160
89. Question
Who in 2003 proposed ‘DNA barcoding’ and he is considered as ‘Father of barcoding’?
Correct
Paul Hebert in 2003 proposed ‘DNA barcoding’ and he is considered as ‘Father of barcoding’. DNA barcoding techniques require a large database of sequences for comparison and prior knowledge of the barcoding region. However, DNA barcoding is a helpful tool to determine the authenticity of botanical material in whole, cut or powdered form.
Incorrect
Paul Hebert in 2003 proposed ‘DNA barcoding’ and he is considered as ‘Father of barcoding’. DNA barcoding techniques require a large database of sequences for comparison and prior knowledge of the barcoding region. However, DNA barcoding is a helpful tool to determine the authenticity of botanical material in whole, cut or powdered form.
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Question 90 of 160
90. Question
The gene region that is being used as an effective barcode in plants is present in which two genes of the chloroplast?
Correct
The gene region that is being used as an effective barcode in plants is present in two genes of the chloroplast, matK and rbcL, and have been approved as the barcode regions for plants. Sequence of unknown species can be matched from submitted sequence in GenBank using Blast (web-programme for searching the closely related sequence).
Incorrect
The gene region that is being used as an effective barcode in plants is present in two genes of the chloroplast, matK and rbcL, and have been approved as the barcode regions for plants. Sequence of unknown species can be matched from submitted sequence in GenBank using Blast (web-programme for searching the closely related sequence).
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Question 91 of 160
91. Question
Which is a molecular method of genetic analysis that allows identification of taxa based on unique patterns of restriction sites in specific regions of DNA?
Correct
RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) is a molecular method of genetic analysis that allows identification of taxa based on unique patterns of restriction sites in specific regions of DNA. It refers to differences between taxa in restriction sites and therefore the lengths of fragments of DNA following cleavage with restriction enzymes.
Incorrect
RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) is a molecular method of genetic analysis that allows identification of taxa based on unique patterns of restriction sites in specific regions of DNA. It refers to differences between taxa in restriction sites and therefore the lengths of fragments of DNA following cleavage with restriction enzymes.
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Question 92 of 160
92. Question
Which is largely used for population genetics studies, but has been used in studies of closely related species and even in some cases, for higher level cladistic analysis?
Correct
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) is similar to that of identifying RFLPs in that a restriction enzyme is used to cut DNA into numerous smaller pieces, each of which terminates in a characteristic nucleotide sequence due to the action of restriction enzymes. AFLP is largely used for population genetics studies, but has been used in studies of closely related species and even in some cases, for higher level cladistic analysis
Incorrect
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) is similar to that of identifying RFLPs in that a restriction enzyme is used to cut DNA into numerous smaller pieces, each of which terminates in a characteristic nucleotide sequence due to the action of restriction enzymes. AFLP is largely used for population genetics studies, but has been used in studies of closely related species and even in some cases, for higher level cladistic analysis
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Question 93 of 160
93. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)?
1) RAPD is a method to removing genetic markers using a randomly synthesized primer that will anneal (recombine (DNA) in the double stranded form) to complementary regions located in centroid locations of isolated DNA. If another complementary site is present on the opposing DNA strand at a distance that is great (within the limits of PCR) then the reaction will amplify this region of DNA.
2) RAPDs like microsatellites may often be used for genetic studies within species but may also be successfully employed in phylogenetic studies to address relationships within a species or between closely related species. However, RAPD analysis has the major disadvantage that results are difficult to replicate and in that the homology of similar bands in different taxa may be nuclear.Correct
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a method to identify genetic markers using a randomly synthesized primer that will anneal (recombine (DNA) in the double stranded form) to complementary regions located in various locations of isolated DNA. If another complementary site is present on the opposing DNA strand at a distance that is not too great (within the limits of PCR) then the reaction will amplify this region of DNA.
Incorrect
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a method to identify genetic markers using a randomly synthesized primer that will anneal (recombine (DNA) in the double stranded form) to complementary regions located in various locations of isolated DNA. If another complementary site is present on the opposing DNA strand at a distance that is not too great (within the limits of PCR) then the reaction will amplify this region of DNA.
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Question 94 of 160
94. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect regarding Significance of Molecular Taxonomy
Correct
It helps to identify a very large number of species of plants and animals by the use of conserved molecular sequences.
Incorrect
It helps to identify a very large number of species of plants and animals by the use of conserved molecular sequences.
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Question 95 of 160
95. Question
Which among the following point is incorrect regarding Classical Taxonomy?
Correct
This system is based on the observation of a few samples/ individuals.
Incorrect
This system is based on the observation of a few samples/ individuals.
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Question 96 of 160
96. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect regarding Modern Taxonomy?
Correct
It is called Neosystematics or Biosystematics or Omega (Ω) taxonomy.
Incorrect
It is called Neosystematics or Biosystematics or Omega (Ω) taxonomy.
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Question 97 of 160
97. Question
The method of classifying organisms into monophyletic group of a common ancestor based on shared apomorphic characters is called ____
Correct
The method of classifying organisms into monophyletic group of a common ancestor based on shared apomorphic characters is called cladistics (from Greek, klados – branch).
Incorrect
The method of classifying organisms into monophyletic group of a common ancestor based on shared apomorphic characters is called cladistics (from Greek, klados – branch).
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Question 98 of 160
98. Question
What is the outcome of a cladistic analysis, which is a tree-shaped diagram that represent the best hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships?
Correct
The outcome of a cladistic analysis is a cladogram, a tree-shaped diagram that represent the best hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships. Earlier generated cladograms were largely on the basis of morphological characters, but now genetic sequencing data and computational software’s are commonly used in phylogenetic analysis.
Incorrect
The outcome of a cladistic analysis is a cladogram, a tree-shaped diagram that represent the best hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships. Earlier generated cladograms were largely on the basis of morphological characters, but now genetic sequencing data and computational software’s are commonly used in phylogenetic analysis.
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Question 99 of 160
99. Question
Which among the following statement is correct
1) Cladistics is one of the primary methods of constructing phylogenies, or evolutionary histories. Cladistics uses shared, derived characters to group organisms into clades. These clades have at least one shared, derived character found in their most recent common ancestor that is not found in other groups hence they are considered more closely related to each other.
2) These shared characters can be morphological such as, leaf, flower, fruit, seed and so on; behavioural, like opening of flowers nocturnal/diurnal; molecular like, DNA or protein sequence and more.
3) Cladistics accept both monophyletic groups and Paraphyletic. Polyphyletic taxa are occasionally considered when such taxa conveniently treated as one group for practical purposes. Example: dicots, sterculiaceae. Polyphyletic groups are accepted by cladistics.Correct
Cladistics accept only monophyletic groups. Paraphyletic and polyphyletic taxa are occasionally considered when such taxa conveniently treated as one group for practical purposes. Example: dicots, sterculiaceae. Polyphyletic groups are rejected by cladistics.
Incorrect
Cladistics accept only monophyletic groups. Paraphyletic and polyphyletic taxa are occasionally considered when such taxa conveniently treated as one group for practical purposes. Example: dicots, sterculiaceae. Polyphyletic groups are rejected by cladistics.
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Question 100 of 160
100. Question
Which among the following is incorrect
1) Monophyletic group – Taxa comprising all the descendants of a common ancestor.
2) Polyphyletic group – Taxon that includes an ancestor but not all of the descendants of that ancestor.
3) Paraphyletic group – Taxa that includes members from two different lineages.Correct
Paraphyletic group; Taxon that includes an ancestor but not all of the descendants of that ancestor.
Polyphyletic group; Taxa that includes members from two different lineages.Incorrect
Paraphyletic group; Taxon that includes an ancestor but not all of the descendants of that ancestor.
Polyphyletic group; Taxa that includes members from two different lineages. -
Question 101 of 160
101. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect regarding cladistic
Correct
Incorrect
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Question 102 of 160
102. Question
Which among the following characters regarding Family: Fabaceae (Pea family) is correct
1) Fabaceae includes about 741 genera and more than 20,200 species. The members are cosmopolitan in distribution but abundant in tropical and subtropical regions. All types of habits are represented in this family. Mostly herbs, prostrate, erect, shrubs, small trees, climber, large tree, woody climber, hydrophyte (Aeschynomene aspera) commonly called pith plant.
2) Roots: Fibre root system, roots are nodulated, have tubercles containing nitrogen – fixing bacteria (Rhizobium leguminosarum). Stem: Aerial, herbaceous, soft, twining or climbing (Clitoria). Leaf: Alternate, simple, rarely pinnately compound (Solanum tuberosum and Lycopersicon esculentum, exstipulate, opposite or sub-opposite in upper part, unicostate reticulate venation
3) Inflorescence: Raceme (Crotalaria verrucosa), panicle (Dalbergia latifolia) axillary solitary (Clitoria ternatea) Flowers: Bracteate, bracteolate, pedicellete, complete, bisexual, pentamerous, heterochlamydeous, zygomorphic hypogynous or sometimes perigynous. Calyx: Sepals 5, green, synsepalous, more or less united in a tube and persistant, valvate or imbricate, odd sepal is anterior in position.Correct
Root: Tap root system, roots are nodulated, have tubercles containing nitrogen – fixing bacteria (Rhizobium leguminosarum) Stem: Aerial, herbaceous, woody (Dalbergia) twining or climbing (Clitoria). Leaf: Leaf simple or unifoliate (Desmodium gangeticum) bifoliate (Zornia diphylla,), Trifoliate (Lablab purpureus), alternate, stipulate, leaf base, pulvinate, reticulate venation terminal leaflet modifies into a tendril in Pisum sativum.
Incorrect
Root: Tap root system, roots are nodulated, have tubercles containing nitrogen – fixing bacteria (Rhizobium leguminosarum) Stem: Aerial, herbaceous, woody (Dalbergia) twining or climbing (Clitoria). Leaf: Leaf simple or unifoliate (Desmodium gangeticum) bifoliate (Zornia diphylla,), Trifoliate (Lablab purpureus), alternate, stipulate, leaf base, pulvinate, reticulate venation terminal leaflet modifies into a tendril in Pisum sativum.
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Question 103 of 160
103. Question
In Fabaceae, corolla has how many petals?
Correct
Corolla: Petals 5, apopetalous, unequal and papilionaceous, vexillary or descendingly imbricate aestivation, all petals have claw at the base. Fabaceae belongs to Dicot families.
Incorrect
Corolla: Petals 5, apopetalous, unequal and papilionaceous, vexillary or descendingly imbricate aestivation, all petals have claw at the base. Fabaceae belongs to Dicot families.
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Question 104 of 160
104. Question
The outermost petal in Fabaceae is large called as ____
Correct
The outer most petal is large called standard petal or vexillum, Lateral 2 petals are lanceolate and curved. They are called wing petals or alae. Anterior two petals are partly fused and are called keel petals or carina which encloses the stamens and pistil.
Incorrect
The outer most petal is large called standard petal or vexillum, Lateral 2 petals are lanceolate and curved. They are called wing petals or alae. Anterior two petals are partly fused and are called keel petals or carina which encloses the stamens and pistil.
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Question 105 of 160
105. Question
In Fabaceae, how many stamens are there in Androecium?
Correct
Androecium: Stamens 10, diadelphous, usually 9+1 (Clitoria ternatea). The odd stamen is posterior in position. In Aeschynomene aspera, the stamens are fused to form two bundles each containing five stamens (5) + (5). Stamens are monadelphous and dimorphic ie., 5 stamens have longer filaments and other 5 stamens have shorter filaments thus the stamens are found at two levels and the shape of anthers also varies in (Crotalaria verrucosa). Anthers are dithecous, basifixed and dehiscing longitudinally.
Incorrect
Androecium: Stamens 10, diadelphous, usually 9+1 (Clitoria ternatea). The odd stamen is posterior in position. In Aeschynomene aspera, the stamens are fused to form two bundles each containing five stamens (5) + (5). Stamens are monadelphous and dimorphic ie., 5 stamens have longer filaments and other 5 stamens have shorter filaments thus the stamens are found at two levels and the shape of anthers also varies in (Crotalaria verrucosa). Anthers are dithecous, basifixed and dehiscing longitudinally.
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Question 106 of 160
106. Question
Which among the following is incorrect regarding Gynoecium in Fabaceae?
Correct
Gynoecium: Monocarpellary, unilocular, ovary superior, with two alternating rows of ovules on marginal placentation. Style simple and bent, stigma flattened or feathery.
Incorrect
Gynoecium: Monocarpellary, unilocular, ovary superior, with two alternating rows of ovules on marginal placentation. Style simple and bent, stigma flattened or feathery.
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Question 107 of 160
107. Question
The characteristic fruit of Fabaceae is a ____
Correct
The characteristic fruit of Fabaceae is a legume (Pisum sativum), sometimes indehiscent and rarely a lomentum (Desmodium).
Incorrect
The characteristic fruit of Fabaceae is a legume (Pisum sativum), sometimes indehiscent and rarely a lomentum (Desmodium).
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Question 108 of 160
108. Question
The fruit develops and matures under the soil is called ___
Correct
In Arachis hypogea the fruit is geocarpic (fruits develops and matures under the soil). After fertilization the stipe of the ovary becomes meristematic and grows down into the soil. This ovary gets buried into the soil and develops into fruit. Seed of Fabaceae: Endospermic or non-endospermic (Pisum sativum), mostly reniform.
Incorrect
In Arachis hypogea the fruit is geocarpic (fruits develops and matures under the soil). After fertilization the stipe of the ovary becomes meristematic and grows down into the soil. This ovary gets buried into the soil and develops into fruit. Seed of Fabaceae: Endospermic or non-endospermic (Pisum sativum), mostly reniform.
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Question 109 of 160
109. Question
Which among the following is incorrect regarding Clitoria ternatea (Sangu pushpam)
Correct
Habit: Twining climber.
Incorrect
Habit: Twining climber.
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Question 110 of 160
110. Question
Which among the following is not leaf characteristic of Clitoria ternatea
Correct
Leaf characteristic of Clitoria ternatea: Imparipinnately compound, alternate, stipulate showing reticulate venation. Leaflets are stipellate. Petiolate and stipels are pulvinated
Incorrect
Leaf characteristic of Clitoria ternatea: Imparipinnately compound, alternate, stipulate showing reticulate venation. Leaflets are stipellate. Petiolate and stipels are pulvinated
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Question 111 of 160
111. Question
Which among the following is not the flower characteristic of Clitoria ternatea?
Correct
Flower: Bracteate, bracteolate, bracteoles usually large, pedicellate, heterochlamydeous, complete, bisexual, pentamerous, zygomorphic and hypogynous.
Incorrect
Flower: Bracteate, bracteolate, bracteoles usually large, pedicellate, heterochlamydeous, complete, bisexual, pentamerous, zygomorphic and hypogynous.
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Question 112 of 160
112. Question
What is the colour of petals in Clitoria ternatea
Correct
Petals 5, white or blue apopetalous, irregular papilionaceous corolla showing descendingly imbricate aestivation.
Sepals 5, synsepalous, green showing valvate aestivation. Odd sepal is anterior in position.Incorrect
Petals 5, white or blue apopetalous, irregular papilionaceous corolla showing descendingly imbricate aestivation.
Sepals 5, synsepalous, green showing valvate aestivation. Odd sepal is anterior in position. -
Question 113 of 160
113. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Clitoria ternatea
1) Androecium: Stamens 10, diadelphous (9) + 1, nine stamens fused to form a bundle and the tenth stamen is free. Anthers are dithecous, basifixed, introse and dechiscing by longitudinal slits.
2) Gynoecium: Monocarpellary, unilocular, with many ovules on mariginal placentation, ovary superior, style simple and incurved with feathery stigma. Fruits are legume and seeds are Non – endospermous, reniform.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 114 of 160
114. Question
Which among the following plants of Fabaceae is oil plants?
Correct
Arachis hypogea (ground nut) is a oil plant. Oil extracted from the seeds is edible and used for cooking.
Incorrect
Arachis hypogea (ground nut) is a oil plant. Oil extracted from the seeds is edible and used for cooking.
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Question 115 of 160
115. Question
Match the following plant with its Binomial names
i. Cajanus cajan – 1. French bean
ii. Phaseolus vulgaris – 2. Horse gram
iii. Vigna mungo – 3. Chick pea
iv. Cicer arietinum – 4. Pigeon Pea
v. Macrotyloma uniflorum – 5. black gramCorrect
Cajanus cajan (Pigeon Pea) Phaseolus vulgaris (French bean) Cicer arietinum (Chick pea / Channa) Vigna mungo (black gram) Vigna radiata (green gram) Vigna unguiculata (cow pea) Glycine max (soya bean) Macrotyloma uniflorum (Horse gram).
Incorrect
Cajanus cajan (Pigeon Pea) Phaseolus vulgaris (French bean) Cicer arietinum (Chick pea / Channa) Vigna mungo (black gram) Vigna radiata (green gram) Vigna unguiculata (cow pea) Glycine max (soya bean) Macrotyloma uniflorum (Horse gram).
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Question 116 of 160
116. Question
Which among the following plant of Fabaceae is not the Food plant
Correct
Lablab purpureus (field bean), Sesbania grandiflora (agathi), Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean) are Food plants.
Incorrect
Lablab purpureus (field bean), Sesbania grandiflora (agathi), Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean) are Food plants.
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Question 117 of 160
117. Question
Which among the following plant of Fabaceae is not timber plant?
Correct
Dalbergia latifolia (rose wood), Pterocarpus santalinus (red sandalwood), P.marsupium are timber pant used for making furniture, cabinet articles and as building material. Pongamia pinnata is oil plant, Pongam oil has medicinal value and is used in the preparation of soap.
Incorrect
Dalbergia latifolia (rose wood), Pterocarpus santalinus (red sandalwood), P.marsupium are timber pant used for making furniture, cabinet articles and as building material. Pongamia pinnata is oil plant, Pongam oil has medicinal value and is used in the preparation of soap.
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Question 118 of 160
118. Question
Which among the following plant of Fabaceae is Fibre plant?
Correct
Crotalaria juncea (sunhemp) and Sesbania sesban (aegyptiaca) are Fibre plant Used for making ropes
Incorrect
Crotalaria juncea (sunhemp) and Sesbania sesban (aegyptiaca) are Fibre plant Used for making ropes
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Question 119 of 160
119. Question
Which among the following plant of Fabaceae is not Dye pant?
Correct
Aeschynomene aspera is Pith Plant Used for packing, handicraft and fishing floats.
Incorrect
Aeschynomene aspera is Pith Plant Used for packing, handicraft and fishing floats.
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Question 120 of 160
120. Question
In which among the following plant, Blue dye is obtained?
Correct
Indigofera tinctoria (Avuri) – Indigo dye obtained from leaves is used to colour printing and in paints, Clitoria ternatea – Blue dye is obtained and Butea monosperma – Natural dye.
Incorrect
Indigofera tinctoria (Avuri) – Indigo dye obtained from leaves is used to colour printing and in paints, Clitoria ternatea – Blue dye is obtained and Butea monosperma – Natural dye.
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Question 121 of 160
121. Question
The aerial parts of which plant contains Metformin (dimethyl biguanide) the most widely prescribed agent in the treatment of diabetes all over the world?
Correct
The aerial parts of Galega officinalis (Fabaceae) contains Metformin (dimethyl biguanide). It is now reputed to be the most widely prescribed agent in the treatment of diabetes all over the world.
Incorrect
The aerial parts of Galega officinalis (Fabaceae) contains Metformin (dimethyl biguanide). It is now reputed to be the most widely prescribed agent in the treatment of diabetes all over the world.
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Question 122 of 160
122. Question
The attractive seeds of which have been used as units of weight for the measures of gold throughout India?
Correct
The attractive seeds of Adenanthera pavonina (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) have been used as units of weight for the measures of gold throughout India. The attractive seeds of Adenanthera pavonina (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) have been used as units of weight for the measures of gold throughout India.
Incorrect
The attractive seeds of Adenanthera pavonina (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) have been used as units of weight for the measures of gold throughout India. The attractive seeds of Adenanthera pavonina (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) have been used as units of weight for the measures of gold throughout India.
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Question 123 of 160
123. Question
Family Solanaceae are abundant in which among the following continent?
Correct
Family Solanaceae includes about 88 genera and about 2650 species, of these Solanum is the largest genus of the family with about 1500 species. Plants are worldwide in distribution but more abundant in South America.
Incorrect
Family Solanaceae includes about 88 genera and about 2650 species, of these Solanum is the largest genus of the family with about 1500 species. Plants are worldwide in distribution but more abundant in South America.
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Question 124 of 160
124. Question
Which among the following statement regarding Family Solanaceae is correct
1) Habit: Mostly annual herbs, shrubs, small trees (Solanum violaceum) lianas with prickles (Solanum trilobatum). Root: Branched tap root system. Stem: Herbaceous or woody; erect or twining, or creeping; sometimes modified into tubers (Solanum tuberosum) it is covered with Spines (Solanum tuberosum)
2) Leaves: Alternate, simple, rarely pinnately compound (Solanum tuberosum) and Lycopersicon esculentum, exstipulate, opposite or sub-opposite in lower part, Dicostate reticulate venation. Reddish verbs present in Solanum tuberosum.
3) Calyx: Sepals 5, Synsepalous, valvate persistent (Solanum americanum), often accrescent. (Physalis) and Corolla: Petals 5, sympetalous, rotate, tubular (Solanum) or bell- shaped (Atropa) or infundibuliform (Petunia) usually alternate with sepals; rarely bilipped and zygomorphic (Schizanthus) usually valvate, sometimes convolute (Datura).Correct
Leaves: Alternate, simple, rarely pinnately compound (Solanum tuberosum and Lycopersicon esculentum, exstipulate, opposite or sub-opposite in upper part, unicostate reticulate venation. Yellowish verbs present in Solanum tuberosum
Incorrect
Leaves: Alternate, simple, rarely pinnately compound (Solanum tuberosum and Lycopersicon esculentum, exstipulate, opposite or sub-opposite in upper part, unicostate reticulate venation. Yellowish verbs present in Solanum tuberosum
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Question 125 of 160
125. Question
In Family Solanaceae Generally axillary or terminal cymose (Solanum) or solitary flowers (Datura stramonium). Extra axillary scorpiod cyme called _____
Correct
In Family Solanaceae Inflorescence: Generally axillary or terminal cymose (Solanum) or solitary flowers (Datura stramonium). Extra axillary scorpiod cyme called rhiphidium (Solanum americanum) solitary and axillary (Datura and Nicotiana) umbellate cyme (Withania somnifera).
Incorrect
In Family Solanaceae Inflorescence: Generally axillary or terminal cymose (Solanum) or solitary flowers (Datura stramonium). Extra axillary scorpiod cyme called rhiphidium (Solanum americanum) solitary and axillary (Datura and Nicotiana) umbellate cyme (Withania somnifera).
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Question 126 of 160
126. Question
In Family Solanaceae, how many stamens are present in Androecium?
Correct
Androecium: Stamens 5, epipetalous, filaments usually unequal in length, stamens only 2 in Schizanthus (others 3 are reduced to staminode), Anthers dithecous, dehisce longitudinally or poricidal.
Incorrect
Androecium: Stamens 5, epipetalous, filaments usually unequal in length, stamens only 2 in Schizanthus (others 3 are reduced to staminode), Anthers dithecous, dehisce longitudinally or poricidal.
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Question 127 of 160
127. Question
Which among the following is incorrect regarding gynoecium of Family Solanaceae?
Correct
Gynoecium: Bicarpellary, syncarpous obliquely placed, ovary superior, bilocular but looks tetralocular due to the formation of false septa, numerous ovules in each locule on axile placentation.
Incorrect
Gynoecium: Bicarpellary, syncarpous obliquely placed, ovary superior, bilocular but looks tetralocular due to the formation of false septa, numerous ovules in each locule on axile placentation.
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Question 128 of 160
128. Question
Seed in Family Solanaceae plants are ____
Correct
Seed in Family Solanaceae plants are Endospermous. Fruit: A capsule or berry. (Datura & Petunia, Lycopersicon esculentum, Capsicum).
Incorrect
Seed in Family Solanaceae plants are Endospermous. Fruit: A capsule or berry. (Datura & Petunia, Lycopersicon esculentum, Capsicum).
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Question 129 of 160
129. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect regarding Botanical description of Datura metel?
Correct
Stem: Stem is hollow, green and herbaceous with strong odour.
Incorrect
Stem: Stem is hollow, green and herbaceous with strong odour.
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Question 130 of 160
130. Question
. Which among the following statement is incorrect regarding Botanical description of Datura metel?
1) Leaf: Simple, alternate, petiolate, entire or deeply lobed, glabrous exstipulate showing unicostate reticulate venation
2) Flower: Flowers are large, greenish white, bracteate, ebracteolate, pedicellate, complete, heterochlamydeous, pentamerous, regular, actinomorphic, bisexual and hypogynous.
3) Calyx: Sepals 10, white synsepalous showing valvate aestivation. Calyx is mostly persistent, even sepal is anterior in position.Correct
Calyx: Sepals 5, green synsepalous showing valvate aestivation. Calyx is mostly persistent, odd sepal is posterior in position.
Incorrect
Calyx: Sepals 5, green synsepalous showing valvate aestivation. Calyx is mostly persistent, odd sepal is posterior in position.
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Question 131 of 160
131. Question
What is the colour of petals in Datura metel?
Correct
Corolla: petals 5, greenish white, sympetalous, plicate (folded like a fan) showing twisted aestivation, funnel shaped with wide mouth and 10 lobed.
Incorrect
Corolla: petals 5, greenish white, sympetalous, plicate (folded like a fan) showing twisted aestivation, funnel shaped with wide mouth and 10 lobed.
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Question 132 of 160
132. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Datura metel
1) Androecium: Stamens 10, attached to one another, epipetalous, alternipetalous and are inserted in the outer surface of corolla tube. Anthers are basifixed, dithecous, with long filament, introse and longitudinally dehiscent.
2) Gynoecium: Ovary bicarpellary, syncarpous superior ovary, basically bilocular but tetralocular due to the formation of false septum. Carpels are obliquely placed and ovules on swollen axile placentation. Style simple long and filiform, stigma two lobed.Correct
Androecium: Stamens 5, free from one another, epipetalous, alternipetalous and are inserted in the middle of the corolla tube. Anthers are basifixed, dithecous, with long filament, introse and longitudinally dehiscent. Fruit: Spinescent capsule opening by four apical valves with persistent calyx. Seed: Endospermous.
Incorrect
Androecium: Stamens 5, free from one another, epipetalous, alternipetalous and are inserted in the middle of the corolla tube. Anthers are basifixed, dithecous, with long filament, introse and longitudinally dehiscent. Fruit: Spinescent capsule opening by four apical valves with persistent calyx. Seed: Endospermous.
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Question 133 of 160
133. Question
Which among the following Solanaceae plant roots is used in belladonna plasters, tinctures etc. for relieving pain and also for dialating pupils of eyes for eye –testing as powerful alkaloid?
Correct
From Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade) roots a powerful alkaloid ‘atropine’ obtained from root is used in belladonna plasters, tinctures etc. for relieving pain and also for dialating pupils of eyes for eye –testing.
Incorrect
From Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade) roots a powerful alkaloid ‘atropine’ obtained from root is used in belladonna plasters, tinctures etc. for relieving pain and also for dialating pupils of eyes for eye –testing.
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Question 134 of 160
134. Question
Which among the following Solanaceae plant is used in cigarette, beedi, hukkah, pipes as well as for chewing and snuffing?
Correct
Nicotiana tabaccum (tobacco) leaves are dried and made into tobacco, used in cigarette, beedi, hukkah, pipes as well as for chewing and snuffing, alkaloids like nicotine, nornicotine and anabasin are present in tobacco.
Incorrect
Nicotiana tabaccum (tobacco) leaves are dried and made into tobacco, used in cigarette, beedi, hukkah, pipes as well as for chewing and snuffing, alkaloids like nicotine, nornicotine and anabasin are present in tobacco.
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Question 135 of 160
135. Question
Match the following Solanaceae plant with its Binomial name
i. Solanum tuberosum – 1. cape gooseberry
ii. Lycopersicon esculentum – 2. Brinjal
iii. Solanum melongena – 3. Tomato
iv. Capsicum annuum – 4. Bell peppers
v. Physalis peruviana – 5. PotatoCorrect
Solanum tuberosum (potato), Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato), Solanum melongena (brinjal) Capsicum annuum (bell peppers & chilli papers) C. frutescens, Physalis peruviana (cape gooseberry).
Incorrect
Solanum tuberosum (potato), Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato), Solanum melongena (brinjal) Capsicum annuum (bell peppers & chilli papers) C. frutescens, Physalis peruviana (cape gooseberry).
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Question 136 of 160
136. Question
Which among the following Solanaceae plant is used as drug obtained from the leaves and roots of this is used to treat asthma and whooping cough?
Correct
Datura stramonium is used as drug obtained from the leaves and roots of this is used to treat asthma and whooping cough.
Incorrect
Datura stramonium is used as drug obtained from the leaves and roots of this is used to treat asthma and whooping cough.
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Question 137 of 160
137. Question
Which among the following is not the medicinal plant of family Solanaceae?
Correct
Solanum trilobatum and Withania somnifera are medicinal plant Used to treat cough and in curing cough and rheumatism. Cestrum diurnum is ornamental plant.
Incorrect
Solanum trilobatum and Withania somnifera are medicinal plant Used to treat cough and in curing cough and rheumatism. Cestrum diurnum is ornamental plant.
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Question 138 of 160
138. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Family: Liliaceae
1) Distribution: Liliaceae are fairly large family comprising about 10 genera and 230 species. Members of this family are widely distributed over pacific and south Asia. Root: Adventitious and tap root, and typically contractile.
2) Habit: Mostly perennial herbs persisting by means of a sympodial rhizome (Polygonatum), by a bulb (Lilium) corm (Colchicum), shrubby or tree like (Yucca and Dracaena). Woody climbers, climbing with the help of stipular tendrils in Smilax. Trees in (Xanthorrhoea), succulents (Aloe).
3) Stem: Stems usually bulbous, rhizomatous in some, aerial, erect (Dracaena) or climbing (Smilax) in Ruscus the ultimate branches are modified into phylloclades, In Asparagus stem is modified into cladodes and the leaves are reduced to scales.Correct
Distribution: Liliaceae are fairly large family comprising about 15 genera and 550 species. Members of this family are widely distributed over most part of the world. Root: Adventitious and fibrous, and typically contractile
Incorrect
Distribution: Liliaceae are fairly large family comprising about 15 genera and 550 species. Members of this family are widely distributed over most part of the world. Root: Adventitious and fibrous, and typically contractile
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Question 139 of 160
139. Question
How many tepals are present in Liliaceae family?
Correct
Perianth: Tepals 6 biseriate arranged in two whorls of 3 each, apotepalous or rarely syntepalous as in Aloe. Usually petaloid or sometimes sepaloid, odd tepal of the outer whorl is anterior in position, valvate or imbricate, tepals more than six in Paris quadrifolia.
Incorrect
Perianth: Tepals 6 biseriate arranged in two whorls of 3 each, apotepalous or rarely syntepalous as in Aloe. Usually petaloid or sometimes sepaloid, odd tepal of the outer whorl is anterior in position, valvate or imbricate, tepals more than six in Paris quadrifolia.
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Question 140 of 160
140. Question
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has been declared which year for pulses, to make people more aware of the nutritional value of pulses?
Correct
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has been declared 2016 as the year for pulses, to make people more aware of the nutritional value of pulses.
Incorrect
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has been declared 2016 as the year for pulses, to make people more aware of the nutritional value of pulses.
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Question 141 of 160
141. Question
Which among the following statement is correct
1) Leaf: Leaves are radical (Lilium) or cauline (Dracaena), usually alternate, opposite (Gloriosa), sometimes fleshy and hollow, reduced to scales (Ruscus and Asparagus). The venation is parallel but in species of Smilax it is reticulate. Leaves are usually exstipulate, but in Smilax, two tendrils arise from the base of the leaf, which are considered modified stipules.
2) Inflorescence: Flowers are usually borne in simple or branched racemes (Asphodelus) spikes in Aloe, huge terminal panicle in Yucca, solitary and axillary in Gloriosa, solitary and terminal in Tulipa.
3) Inflorescence: Flowers are usually borne in simple or branched racemes (Asphodelus) spikes in Aloe, huge terminal panicle in Yucca, solitary and axillary in Gloriosa, solitary and terminal in Tulipa.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 142 of 160
142. Question
Which among the following is not fruit characteristic of Liliaceae family
Correct
In Liliaceae family Fruit usually a septicidal or loculicidal capsule or a berry as in Asparagus and Smilax.
Incorrect
In Liliaceae family Fruit usually a septicidal or loculicidal capsule or a berry as in Asparagus and Smilax.
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Question 143 of 160
143. Question
Which among the following statement is correct
1) Androecium: Stamens 10, arranged in 2 whorls of 5 each, rarely stamens are 5 (Ruscus), 12 in Maianthemum, or up to 15, apostamenous, parallel to the tepals, sometimes epitepalous; filaments distinct or connate, anthers dithecous, basifixed or versatile, extrose, or introse, dehiscing usually by horizontal slit and sometimes by terminal pores; rarely synstamenous (Ruscus).
2) Gynoecium: Tricarpallary, syncarpous, the odd carpel usually anterior, ovary superior, trilocular, with 2 rows of numerous ovules on axile placextation; rarely unilocular with parietal placentation, style usually one; stigmas 1 or 3; rarely the ovary is inferior (Haemodorum), nectar – secreting septal glands are present in the ovary.Correct
Androecium: Stamens 6, arranged in 2 whorls of 3 each, rarely stamens are 3 (Ruscus), 4 in Maianthemum, or up to 12, apostamenous, opposite to the tepals, sometimes epitepalous; filaments distinct or connate, anthers dithecous, basifixed or versatile, extrose, or introse, dehiscing usually by vertical slit and sometimes by terminal pores; rarely synstamenous (Ruscus).
Incorrect
Androecium: Stamens 6, arranged in 2 whorls of 3 each, rarely stamens are 3 (Ruscus), 4 in Maianthemum, or up to 12, apostamenous, opposite to the tepals, sometimes epitepalous; filaments distinct or connate, anthers dithecous, basifixed or versatile, extrose, or introse, dehiscing usually by vertical slit and sometimes by terminal pores; rarely synstamenous (Ruscus).
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Question 144 of 160
144. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect regarding Allium cepa?
Correct
Fruit: A loculicidal capsule and Seed: Endospermous.
Incorrect
Fruit: A loculicidal capsule and Seed: Endospermous.
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Question 145 of 160
145. Question
Which among the following statement is correct regarding Allium cepa
1) Inflorescence: Scapigerous i.e., the inflorescence axis (peduncle) arising from the ground bearing a cluster of flowers at its apex. Pedicels are of equal length, arising from the apex of the peduncle which brings all flowers at the same level.
2) Leaf: A cluster of radical leaves emerges from the underground bulb, cylindrical and fleshy having sheathy leaf bases with parallel venation and Perianth: Tepals 6, white, arranged in two whorls of three each, syntepalous showing valvate aestivation.
3) Androecium: Stamens 6, arranged in single whorls of , epitepalous, apostamenous /free and opposite to tepals. Anthers dithecous, basifixed, introse, and dehiscing laterally. Gynoecium: Bicarpellary and syncarpous. Ovary superior, trilocular with three ovules in each locule on axile placentation. Style simple, slender with simple stigma.Correct
Androecium: Stamens 6, arranged in two whorls of three each, epitepalous, apostamenous /free and opposite to tepals. Anthers dithecous, basifixed, introse, and dehiscing longitudinally. Gynoecium: Tricarpellary and syncarpous. Ovary superior, trilocular with two ovules in each locule on axile placentation. Style simple, slender with simple stigma.
Incorrect
Androecium: Stamens 6, arranged in two whorls of three each, epitepalous, apostamenous /free and opposite to tepals. Anthers dithecous, basifixed, introse, and dehiscing longitudinally. Gynoecium: Tricarpellary and syncarpous. Ovary superior, trilocular with two ovules in each locule on axile placentation. Style simple, slender with simple stigma.
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Question 146 of 160
146. Question
In APG classification, Allium cepa is placed under which family?
Correct
In APG classification, Allium cepa is placed under the family Amaryllidaceae.
Incorrect
In APG classification, Allium cepa is placed under the family Amaryllidaceae.
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Question 147 of 160
147. Question
What is the colour of Allium cepa flower?
Correct
Flower: Small, white, bracteate, ebracteolate, pedicellate, complete, trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous. Flowers are protandrous.
Incorrect
Flower: Small, white, bracteate, ebracteolate, pedicellate, complete, trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous. Flowers are protandrous.
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Question 148 of 160
148. Question
Which among the following is not the food plant of family Liliaceae?
Correct
Allium cepa, Allium sativum and Asparagus officinalis are food pants.
Incorrect
Allium cepa, Allium sativum and Asparagus officinalis are food pants.
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Question 149 of 160
149. Question
Which among the following was called aloin obtained from Aloe vera leaves used in soothing lotions, piles and inflammations, hemorrhoidal salves and shampoos?
Correct
Gelatinous glycoside called aloin from succulent leaves are used in soothing lotions, piles and inflammations, hemorrhoidal salves and shampoos.
Incorrect
Gelatinous glycoside called aloin from succulent leaves are used in soothing lotions, piles and inflammations, hemorrhoidal salves and shampoos.
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Question 150 of 160
150. Question
. From which among the following Liliaceae plants medicinal oil is prepared from the root is used for nervous and rheumatic complaints and also in skin diseases?
Correct
Medicinal oil is prepared from the root of Asparagus racemosus is used for nervous and rheumatic complaints and also in skin diseases.
Incorrect
Medicinal oil is prepared from the root of Asparagus racemosus is used for nervous and rheumatic complaints and also in skin diseases.
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Question 151 of 160
151. Question
Which among the following plant is used in the treatment of gout and rheumatism?
Correct
Colchichum luteum roots are used in the treatment of gout and rheumatism.
Incorrect
Colchichum luteum roots are used in the treatment of gout and rheumatism.
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Question 152 of 160
152. Question
Which among the following Liliaceae plant tubers helpful in promoting labour pains in women?
Correct
Gloriosa superba tubers helpful in promoting labour pains in women.
Incorrect
Gloriosa superba tubers helpful in promoting labour pains in women.
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Question 153 of 160
153. Question
Which among the following fibre yielding plant from Liliaceae family?
Correct
Phormium tenax is fibre yielding plant used for cordage, fishing net, mattings, twines.
Incorrect
Phormium tenax is fibre yielding plant used for cordage, fishing net, mattings, twines.
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Question 154 of 160
154. Question
Which among the following is Liliaceae plant is used as Raticide?
Correct
Urginea indica bulbs is used for killing rats (Raticides)
Incorrect
Urginea indica bulbs is used for killing rats (Raticides)
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Question 155 of 160
155. Question
Which among the following Liliaceae plant is incorrectly matched with its binomial name?
1) Agapanthus africanus – Malabar glory lily
2) Gloriosa superba – African Lily
3) Ruscus aculeatus – Butchers BroomCorrect
Agapanthus africanus (African Lily), Gloriosa superba (Malabar glory lily), Lilium giganteum, Ruscus aculeatus (Butchers Broom), Yucca alcifolia and Y.gloriosa.
Incorrect
Agapanthus africanus (African Lily), Gloriosa superba (Malabar glory lily), Lilium giganteum, Ruscus aculeatus (Butchers Broom), Yucca alcifolia and Y.gloriosa.
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Question 156 of 160
156. Question
Which among the following Liliaceae plant is used as Insecticides?
Correct
Veratrum album bulbs are used as insectices.
Incorrect
Veratrum album bulbs are used as insectices.
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Question 157 of 160
157. Question
Which among the following plant is used as ondiment and also good for heart?
Correct
Allium sativum bulbs are Used as condiment and also good for heart.
Incorrect
Allium sativum bulbs are Used as condiment and also good for heart.
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Question 158 of 160
158. Question
Which among the following Liliaceae plant is used to induce polyploidy?
Correct
Colchicum luteum produce Colchicine (alkaloid) used to induce polyploidy.
Incorrect
Colchicum luteum produce Colchicine (alkaloid) used to induce polyploidy.
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Question 159 of 160
159. Question
. In Yucca the cross-pollination is carried out by special moth ______
Correct
In Yucca the cross-pollination is carried out by special moth, Pronuba yuccasella. Fully opened flowers emit perfumes and are visited by the female moth, especially during nights. This moth collects a lot of pollen grains from one flower and visits another flower. Life history of this moth is intimately associated with the pollination mechanism in Yucca.
Incorrect
In Yucca the cross-pollination is carried out by special moth, Pronuba yuccasella. Fully opened flowers emit perfumes and are visited by the female moth, especially during nights. This moth collects a lot of pollen grains from one flower and visits another flower. Life history of this moth is intimately associated with the pollination mechanism in Yucca.
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Question 160 of 160
160. Question
Botanical survey of India has how many regional centres in India?
Correct
Botanical survey of India explores and documents biodiversity all over India. It has 11 regional centres in India. Herbarium preparation includes plant collection, documentation of field data, preparation of plant specimens, mounting and labelling. There are several national and international herbaria.
Incorrect
Botanical survey of India explores and documents biodiversity all over India. It has 11 regional centres in India. Herbarium preparation includes plant collection, documentation of field data, preparation of plant specimens, mounting and labelling. There are several national and international herbaria.
Leaderboard: Taxonomy and Systematic Botany 11th Science Lessons
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