State and Society In Medieval India 9th Social Science Lesson 9 Questions in English

9th Social Science Lesson 9 Questions in English

9. State and Society In Medieval India

1. The medieval period starts from which century?

a) 4th century

b) 7th century

c) 12th century

d) 8th century

Explanation

The ‘medieval’ period from the 7th century A.D.(CE) till the beginning of Mughal rule in the 16th century. The Mughal era, from the 16th to 18th century is referred to as the early modern Period.

2. The expansion of the Chola empire from whose time of which eclipsed the Pandyan and Pallava kingdoms, extending north till Orissa?

a) Rajaraja I

b) Rajaraja II

c) Pulikesi

d) Karikaalan

Explanation

The expansion of the Chola empire from the time of Rajaraja I which eclipsed the Pandyan and Pallava kingdoms, extending north till Orissa.

3. The consolidation of Muslim rule under the Mughals in the north, beginning in 1526 A.D. (C.E.) with the defeat of the Ibrahim Lodi by whom?

a) Akbar

b) Humayun

c) Shah Jahan

d) Babur

Explanation

The consolidation of Muslim rule under the Mughals in the north, beginning in 1526 A.D. (C.E.) with the defeat of the Ibrahim Lodi by Babur. At its height, the Mughal empire stretched from Kabul to Gujarat to Bengal, from Kashmir to south India.

4. In which year Portuguese arrived on the west coast of India?

a) 1498

b) 1445

c) 1472

d) 1464

Explanation

The coming of the Europeans, beginning with the Portuguese who arrived on the west coast of India in 1498.

5. Who established Muslim rule in Delhi at the end of 12th century?

a) Babar

b) Iltutmish

c) Muhammad Ghori

d) Muhammad bin Tughluq

Explanation

Muslim rule was established in Delhi at the end of the 12th century by Muhammad Ghori, Arab Muslim merchants had been trading in the ports of the west coast, especially Kerala, as early as the 9th century.

6. Who sent military campaigns to the south, whose primary objective was to plunder the wealth, rather than to expand his territory?

a) Muhammad Ghori

b) Alauddin Khalji

c) Muhammad bin Tughluq

d) Akbar

Explanation

The impact of Muslim rule was felt during the reign of Alauddin Khalji (1296-1316 A.D. (C.E.)) who sent military campaigns to the south. The primary objective was to plunder the wealth, rather than to expand his territory.

7. Which area was captured by Alauddin Khalji later renamed as Daulatabad?

a) Panchakki

b) Devagiri

c) Vellore

d) Pullicat

Explanation

Devagiri (near Aurangabad) was captured by Alauddin Khalji. Renamed Daulatabad, it was the second stronghold of his growing kingdom.

8. Who was the commander of Alauddin Khalji sent on military expeditions further south in the first decade of the 1300s A.D?

a) Ulugh Khan

b) Khusrau Khan

c) Amir Khusrow

d) Malik Kafur

Explanation

Alauddin Khalji’s slave and commander, Malik Kafur, was sent on military expeditions further south in the first decade of the 1300s A.D. (C.E.).

9. Arrange in Chronological Order

1) Battle of Buxar

2) Battle of Talikota

3) First Battle of Panipat

4) Battle of Plassey

a) 3 – 4 – 3 – 1

b) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4

c) 3 – 2 – 4 – 1

d) 2 – 3 – 1 – 4

Explanation

The First Battle of Panipat, on 21 April 1526 was fought between invading forces of Babur and Lodi. The Battle of Talikota was fought between Vijayanagar and Deccan sultans. Battle of Plassey was fought between nawab of Bengal and British East India company on 23 June 1757. Battle of Buxar was fought between forces under the command of the British East India Company, led by Hector Munro, and the combined armies of Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal on 22 October 1764

10. During whose reign, there was a revolt in Daulatabad?

a) Muhammad bin Tughlaq

b) Alauddin Khalji

c) Muhammad Ghori

d) Aurangzeb

Explanation

During the reign of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, there was a revolt in Daulatabad. The Tughlaq kings who came after Alauddin also sent their armies to the south. As a result, the generally more isolated southern part of the country came into the orbit of the rulers of the north.

11. Who set up the Bahmani sultanate in 1347 A.D. (C.E.), with his capital in Bidar?

a) Mahmud Gawan

b) Mohammad shah I

c) Alauddin Bahman Shah

d) Alauddin Mudjahid Shah

Explanation

Alauddin Bahman Shah set up the Bahmani sultanate in 1347 A.D. (C.E.), with his capital in Bidar.

12. The Bahmani kingdom survived for nearly a century and a half, mainly due to whose administration?

a) Mahmud Gawan

b) Mohammad shah I

c) Alauddin Bahman Shah

d) Alauddin Mudjahid Shah

Explanation

The Bahmani kingdom survived for nearly a century and a half, mainly due to the able administration of Mahmud Gawan, a great statesman and loyal minister.

13. Which among the following is not the sultanates of Deccan?

a) Bijapur

b) Daulatabad

c) Golkonda

d) Bidar

Explanation

After the death of Mahmud Gawan, many viceroys declared their independence, and by the end of the fifteenth century, five sultanates came up in the Deccan: Bijapur, Golkonda, Ahmednagar, Berar, and Bidar.

14. Who conquered the Deccan sultanates in the 1660s A.D?

a) Akbar

b) Shah Jahan

c) Aurangzeb

d) Humayun

Explanation

The Deccan sultanates were conquered by Aurangzeb in the 1660s A.D. (C.E.), and the entire region, as far south as Madras (Chennai) became a part of the Mughal empire.

15. Which Tamil King sent naval expeditions against the Sailendra Kingdom of Sri Vijaya (in Indonesia), Kadaram (Kedah) and Ceylon?

a) Rajaraja I

b) Rajaraja II

c) Rajendra I

d) Karikaalan

Explanation

The chola empire expanded further under Rajendra I who had successfully taken his armies as far to the northeast as the river Ganges. He had also sent naval expeditions against the Sailendra Kingdom of Sri Vijaya (in Indonesia), Kadaram (Kedah) and Ceylon.

16. Who consolidated the chola empire through marriage with the eastern Chalukyas?

a) Rajendra I

b) Rajaraja II

c) Rajaraja I

d) Kulottunga I

Explanation

The empire was further consolidated through marriage with the eastern Chalukyas under Rajendra’s grandson Kulottunga I, and extended up to the border of Orissa.

17. Which of the following statement is correct

1) The Pandya kingdom had already been assimilated into the Chola kingdom

2) The Pallava kingdom remained independent, but was subservient to the Cholas.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

The territorial expansion of the Chola empire began under Rajaraja I. The Pallava kingdom had already been assimilated into the Chola kingdom. The Pandya kingdom remained independent, but was subservient to the Cholas.

18. Which kingdom has capital at Belur and later Halebidu?

a) Pandya Kingdom

b) Hoysala Kingdom

c) Vijayanagar Kingdom

d) Bamani Kingdom

Explanation

To the north of chola was the Hoysala kingdom, with its capital at Belur and later Halebidu. This kingdom extended through much of the present day state of Karnataka.

19. Who was the last known chola emperor?

a) Rajaraja II

b) Rajendra II

c) Rajendra III

d) Rajaraja IV

Explanation

The Chola Empire began to decline after the middle of the 13th century. The last known Chola emperor was Rajendra III. The empire died out in 1279 A.D. (C.E.).

20. Match the List I with List II and select the correct answer

List I (kingdoms) List II (Area)

I. Pandya 1.Belur

II. Hoysala 2.Madurai

III. Kakatiyas 3.Devagiri

IV. Yadavas 4.Warangal

a) 2 – 1 – 4 – 3

b) 3 – 1 – 2 – 4

c) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4

d) 2 – 3 – 1 – 4

Explanation

The Kakatiyas ruled from Warangal (Telangana) while the Yadavas ruled in Devagiri until Devagiri fell to Alauddin Khalji’s forces at the end of the 13th century. The pandya ruled Madurai. Hoysala kingdom ruled north, with its capital at Belur and later Halebidu.

21. Who established Vijayanagar kingdom during medieval period?

a) Harihara and Bukka

b) Harihara and Krishnadeva Raya

c) Harihara and Tippu

d) Harihara and Deva Raya II

Explanation

The establishment of the kingdom (subsequently empire) of Vijayanagar was the most momentous development in the history of south India in the medieval period. The kingdom was established by Harihara and Bukka, two brothers.

22. Which of the following dynasty ruled Vijayanagar first?

a) Saluva dynasty

b) Sangama dynasty

c) Tuluva dynasty

d) Magar dynasty

Explanation

Sangama dynasty was the first ruler of Vijayanagar. They founded a new capital city on the southern banks of Tungabhadra which they named Vijayanagar (city of victory). Harihara was crowned in 1336 A.D. (C.E.). The Sangam dynasty ruled Vijayanagar for nearly one and a half centuries. This was followed by the Saluva dynasty which was in power only for a brief period.

23. Who was the greatest ruler of Vijayanagar, belonged to Tuluva dynasty?

a) Harihara

b) Krishnadeva Raya

c) Shivaji

d) Tipu sultan

Explanation

The Tuluva dynasty then succeeded as rulers after saluva dynasty. Krishnadeva Raya, the greatest ruler of Vijayanagar, belonged to this family.

24. In which Battle the combined forces of the five Deccani Sultanates defeated Vijayanagar in 1565 A.D.?

a) Battle of Buxar

b) First Battle of panipat

c) Battle of Tarain

d) Battle of Talikota

Explanation

The rulers of Vijayanagar were almost continuously at war with the Bahmani sultanate as well as with the Religous based kingdoms of Kondavidu and Orissa. Finally, the combined forces of the five Deccani Sultanates defeated Vijayanagar in 1565 A.D. (C.E.) at the Battle of Talikota.

25. Where Vijayanagar emperors shift its capital after battle of Talikota?

a) Devagiri

b) Chandragiri

c) Tanjore

d) Humpi

Explanation

The Vijayanagar emperors then shifted their capital further south to Penugonda, and eventually to Chandragiri near Tirupati. The empire (or what remained of it) finally withered away in the middle of the seventeenth century.

26. Who was the last of the great Mughals?

a) Akbar

b) Humayun

c) Aurangzeb

d) Babur

Explanation

The first six Mughal emperors are referred to as the ‘Great Mughals’. Aurangzeb was the last of the great Mughals.

27. Which Mughal emperor consolidated the Mughal through a policy of conciliation with the Religious based kingdoms of Rajasthan?

a) Shah Jahan

b) Akbar

c) Babur

d) Aurangzeb

Explanation

Akbar consolidated the Mughal empire through conquests and through a policy of conciliation with the Religious based kingdoms of Rajasthan.

28. The Mughal empire was founded by whom in 1526 A.D. (C.E.) after he defeated Ibrahim Lodi?

a) Babur

b) Humayun

c) Akbar

d) Lodi

Explanation

The Mughal empire was founded by Babur in 1526 A.D. (C.E.) after he defeated Ibrahim Lodi at Panipat. The Mughal empire though began to disintegrate after Aurangzeb, continued to exist nominally till 1857 A.D. (C.E.) when the British finally ended the virtually non-existent empire.

29. On whose leadership Marathas seriously undermined the authority of the Mughals in western India?

a) Sambhaji II

b) Shivaji

c) Rajaram I

d) Sambhaji I

Explanation

A new power centre rose in Maharashtra in the seventeenth century, and the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji seriously undermined the authority of the Mughals in western India.

30. Which of the following statement is correct?

1) The spice trade from India was controlled by Rajput up to Alexandria.

2) In 1498 A.D. (C.E.), Vasco da Gama landed on the Kerala coast having sailed around the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

During the fifteenth century the Europeans were pre-occupied with trying to find a direct sea route to India, bypassing the overland route through west Asia and the Mediterranean. The spice trade from India was controlled by Muslims up to Alexandria. In 1498 A.D. (C.E.), Vasco da Gama landed on the Kerala coast having sailed around the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa.

31. Which area was captured in 1510 A.D. (C.E.) and became the centre of the Portuguese state in India?

a) Cochin

b) Masulipattinam

c) Goa

d) Bombay

Explanation

Barely five years later after their arrival, the Portuguese built their first fort at Cochin in 1503 A.D. (C.E.). Goa was captured in 1510 A.D. (C.E.) and became the centre of the Portuguese state in India.

32. Match the List I with List II and select the correct answer

List I (Europeans) List II (Area controlled by Europeans)

I. Dutch 1. Tranquebar

II. English 2. Pulicat

III. French 3. Pondicherry

IV. Danes 4. Madras

a) 2 – 3 – 1 – 4

b) 4 – 1 – 3 – 2

c) 2 – 4 – 3 – 1

d) 4 – 2 – 3 – 1

Explanation

Other European nations soon followed the Portuguese, most notably the Dutch, English and French. The Dutch were in Pulicat (and later Nagapatnam), the English in Madras, the French in Pondicherry and the Danes in Tarangampadi (Tranquebar).

33. Which of the following basic unit of local administration is not properly matched

1) Village – Ur

2) Sub-Region – Kottam

3) Town – Nagaram

4) District – Nadu

a) Only 2

b) Only 1 and 2

c) Only 4

d) Only 2 and 4

Explanation

The administrative machinery was re-organised during Chola rule. The basic unit of local administration was the village (ur), followed by the sub-region (nadu) and district (kottam). Marketing centres and towns were known as nagaram.

34. Which of the following statement regarding cholas is correct

1) Tax-free villages granted to Brahmins were known as Devadana.

2) The temple was no longer a mere place of worship, but became an important economic entity as an employer, consumer and land-owner.

3) The construction of great temples also was a reflection of the growing prosperity in the kingdom, since the activity involved great expenditure.

a) Both 1 and 2

b) Only 3

c) Both 2 and 3

d) All the above

Explanation

Tax-free villages granted to Brahmins were known as brahmadeya. The temple was no longer a mere place of worship, but became an important economic entity as an employer, consumer and land-owner. The construction of great temples also was a reflection of the growing prosperity in the kingdom, since the activity involved great expenditure.

35. Which of the following statement is false?

a) The establishment of Islamic Rule in Delhi made a big impact on Indian society.

b) Arab merchants, when they came and settled on Kerala coast, married local women and led a peaceful life.

c) Islam as a monotheistic religion had more negative impact in Indian society.

d) For a medieval Islamic ruler one way of asserting imperial authority was to demolish the place of worship of the enemies.

Explanation

The establishment of Islamic Rule in Delhi made a big impact on Indian society. Initially, Islam did not cause any social tension. Arab merchants, for instance, when they came and settled on Kerala coast, married local women and led a peaceful life. The situation changed when Islam became a state power. For a medieval ruler one way of asserting imperial authority was to demolish the place of worship of the enemies. Otherwise Islam as a monotheistic religion had its positive impact in Indian society. It played a decisive role in the evolution of a composite culture.

36. Muslim kingdoms in Delhi, as well in the Deccan, also attracted migrants from which area?

a) Africa

b) Arabia

c) Spain

d) Java

Explanation

Muslim kingdoms in Delhi, as well in the Deccan, also attracted migrants from Persia and Arabia who moved to India and took up service in these states and many became important and well-known statesmen.

37. Which Deccan sultanates rulers were extremely broad-minded and secular in outlook?

a) Bijapur

b) Daulatabad

c) Ahmednagar

d) Bidar

Explanation

A new composite culture evolved. This could be seen most vividly in the Deccan sultanates of Bijapur and Golkonda whose rulers were extremely broad-minded and secular in outlook.

38. Who among the following is not the Muslim Historian?

a) Al Beruni

b) Ibn Batuta

c) Ferishta

d) Hussain Nizam Shah

Explanation

A notable development was the profusion of contemporary historical accounts of the Muslim Sultanates by Arab and Persian historians. Al beruni, Ibn Batuta, and Ferishta are among the best known of the Muslim historians.

39. The establishment of the which empire changed the administrative and social institutional structure of south India, especially in the Tamil country?

a) Chola empire

b) Vijayanagar empire

c) Maratha empire

d) Mughal empire

Explanation

The establishment of the VIJAYANAGAR EMPIRE changed the administrative and social institutional structure of south India, especially in the Tamil country.

40. Vijayanagar kingdom was threatened from the beginning by whom?

a) Deccan sultanates

b) Mughal emperors

c) Delhi sultanates

d) Bahmani sultanates

Explanation

Vijayanagar kingdom was threatened from the beginning by the hostility of the Bahmani sultanate in the north, Vijayanagar evolved as a militaristic state. This empire needed two kinds of resources to feed its military establishment – revenue and men.

41. Military officers appointed as chiefs of various localities in Tamil Nadu by Vijayanagar emperor is known as ______

a) Palayakkarar

b) Brahman

c) Sultans

d) Nayakas

Explanation

Military officers, known as ‘nayakas’, were appointed as chiefs of various localities in Tamil Nadu and received land grants from the emperor. Many forts were also built which were under Brahman commanders.

42. Who supplied the manpower for the army of Vijayanagar emperors?

a) Palayakkarar

b) Brahman

c) Sultans

d) Nayakas

Explanation

In Vijayanagar empire there were also lesser military leaders known as palayakkarar who essentially supplied the manpower for the army.

43. Which of the following is not nayaka kingdom?

a) Madurai

b) Vellore

c) Tanjavur

d) Gingee

Explanation

Three major nayaka kingdoms, owing allegiance to the Vijayanagar emperor, came up between 1500 A.D. (C.E.) and 1550 A.D. (C.E.) in Madurai, Tanjavur and Gingee (Senji). These nayakas had formal roles in court ceremonials at Vijayanagar.

44. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) Resources realized from the land were transferred to the empire by the nayakas not as tax revenue, but as tribute. Thus, the resources of the core regions, especially in the Tamil region, were utilized for military purposes

2) The appointment of Telugu nayakas also resulted in the migration of Telugu-speaking people from the north.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Resources realized from the land were transferred to the empire by the nayakas not as tax revenue, but as tribute. Thus, the resources of the core regions, especially in the Tamil region, were utilized for military purposes. The appointment of Telugu nayakas also resulted in the migration of Telugu-speaking people from the north. These included soldiers, agriculturists, craftsmen and Brahmins.

45. The empire was consolidated under Akbar through his policy of co-opting the which rulers under the umbrella of Mughal rule?

a) Marathas

b) Rajput

c) Deccan sultan

d) Vijayanagar

Explanation

The Mughal empire transformed the economy and society of north India. The empire was consolidated under Akbar through his policy of co-opting the Hindu Rajput rulers under the umbrella of Mughal rule.

46. Which Mughal emperor orthodox Islamic principles of governance which alienated the Rajput rulers and the Hindu subjects?

a) Akbar

b) Humayun

c) Bahadur Shah

d) Aurangzeb

Explanation

In part due to Aurangzeb’s reversal to orthodox Islamic principles of governance which alienated the Rajput rulers and the Hindu subjects, the over-extended empire began to collapse under its own weight by the beginning of the eighteenth century.

47. Which Indian product in the European markets, often referred to as the ‘Indian craze’?

a) Sugarcane

b) Spice

c) Textile

d) Rubber

Explanation

There was an explosion in the demand for Indian textiles in the European markets, often referred to as the ‘Indian craze’. This led to a significant expansion of textile production in India, which was accompanied by an expansion of the production of commercial crops like cotton and indigo and other dyes.

48. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) Caste is the four-fold division of society as specified in the religious texts, referred to as upanishads.

2) In traditional society many castes were denied various social rights and privileges.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Caste is the four-fold division of society as specified in the religious texts, referred to as varna. In traditional society many castes were denied various social rights and privileges.

49. Who collected manuscript of mythical genealogy created by caste?

a) William Lambton

b) John Marshal

c) Colin Mackenzie

d) George Everest

Explanation

Caste also created a mythical genealogy to establish its origins; this was used to justify the claim for the right to a higher status in the hierarchy. These genealogies are found in many of the manuscripts collected by Colin Mackenzie.

50. Buddhism and Jainism also lost ground in most parts of India due to emergence of which movement?

a) Islamic movement

b) Sufi movement

c) Missionaries

d) Bhakti movement

Explanation

Buddhism had faded out in India. Jainism also lost ground in most parts of India due to emergence of bhakti movement under Sankara and Ramanuja.

51. Which among the following is bhakti movement took place in Maharashtra?

a) Saiva siddhanta

b) Virasaivas

c) Varkarisampradaya

d) Srivastav

Explanation

Mathas or mutts were established under different gurus or religious leaders like Vidyaranya; Saivite movements came up like the Tamil Saivasiddhanta, and the Virasaivas in Karnataka; in Maharashtra the Varkarisampradaya (tradition) of the devotees of Vithoba arose in the 14th century.

52. What is the name of the disciple of Jesus who came to India?

a) St. Peter

b) St. Thomas

c) St. Andrew

d) St. Jhon

Explanation

With regard to Christianity, there were a small number of Christian groups in Kerala claiming their origins to the time of St Thomas, the disciple of Jesus. But Christianity took roots when the Portuguese arrived in Kerala and set themselves up in Goa.

53. Which Christian Missionary was instrumental in making the fishing community to take to Christianity in the Tuticorin region?

a) St Francis Xavier

b) Rev Charles Mead

c) Dr Christopher Samuel John

d) Alexander Kerr

Explanation

The best known among the Jesuit missionaries was St Francis Xavier who was instrumental in making the fishing community to take to Christianity in the Tuticorin region.

54. Who was the founder of Sikhism religion?

a) Guru Gobind Singh

b) Guru Nanak

c) Kabir Das

d) Guru Angad

Explanation

In the north a new religion, Sikhism, was founded by Guru Nanak, who lived during 15th and 16th century. Sikhism grew in strength in spite of severe repression by Aurangzeb.

55. From where Zoroastrians came to India, to escape persecuation, settled in Gujarat?

a) Arab

b) Mediterranean

c) Persia

d) Rome

Explanation

Foreign religions also came to India when Jews and Zoroastrians (Parsis) migrated to India. The Parsis, who fled Persia to escape persecuation, settled in Gujarat, while the Jews lived in Kerala.

56. Which of the following statement is correct

1) Parsi merchants were among the richest and most prominent in the port of Tranquebar, and subsequently, in Madras under the British.

2) Diverse institutions with different ideologies came up within the bhakti movement during the medieval period.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Diverse institutions with different ideologies came up within the bhakti movement during the medieval period. Parsi merchants were among the richest and most prominent in the port of Surat, and subsequently, in Bombay under the British.

57. Where did Kamban formally presented his Best-Known classical poem Ramayana in Tamil?

a) Madurai

b) Tanjavur

c) Chidambaram

d) Srirangam

Explanation

The best-known classical poet, Kamban, wrote Ramayana in Tamil which was formally presented (Arangetram) in the temple at Srirangam.

58. Sekkilar’s Periyapuranam, was presented at the temple located in which area?

a) Madurai

b) Tanjavur

c) Chidambaram

d) Srirangam

Explanation

Sekkilar’s Periyapuranam, similarly was presented at the temple in Chidambaram. Among the other great works of the period is Kalingattup-parani and Muvarula.

59. Which among the following temple is not build by cholas?

a) Great Temple of Tanjavur

b) Gangai-Konda-Cholapuram Temple

c) Darasuram Temple

d) Nellaiappar Temple

Explanation

The monumental architecture of the Cholas is visible in the great temple of Tanjavur, Gangai-konda-cholapuram and Darasuram, to name only a few. Stone images were sculpted on the temple walls and pillars.

60. During chola period Bronze images of great beauty and artistry were made by which process?

a) Direct modelling

b) Wax sheet process

c) Lost wax process

d) Core model process

Explanation

During chola period. Bronze images of great beauty and artistry were made by the ‘lost wax’ process. The best known of them is the iconic representation of Siva as Nataraja, performing the cosmic dance.

61. Consider the following statement and choose the correct answer

1) The Sultans built forts, tombs, mosques and other monuments in Delhi as well as in south India which came under their rule.

2) Mughals left behind numerous monuments, in addition to constructing entire cities like Mehrauli and FIrozabad, gardens, mosques and forts.

3) The art of painting also flourished in the Mughal period. Primarily known as Mughal miniatures, they were generally intended as book illustrations or were single works to be kept in albums

a) Both 1 and 3

b) Both 2 and 3

c) Only 3

d) Only 2

Explanation

The Sultans built forts, tombs, mosques and other monuments in Delhi as well as in south India which came under their rule. Mughals left behind numerous monuments, in addition to constructing entire cities like Shahjahanabad (Delhi) and Fatehpur Sikri, gardens, mosques and forts. The art of painting also flourished in the Mughal period. Primarily known as Mughal miniatures, they were generally intended as book illustrations or were single works to be kept in albums.

62. Which Hindustani musician is well-known indicating the patronage extended to classical music under Akbar?

a) Faizi

b) Allauddin Khan

c) Tansen

d) Todar Mal

Explanation

A large volume of literature was produced, especially in Persian, and also in Urdu, Hindi and other regional languages. In the performing arts, like Hindustani the name of Tansen is well-known indicating the patronage extended to classical music under Akbar.

63. Which of the following statement regarding Vijayanagar empire is correct

1) In south India, the Vijayanagar rulers and their military chiefs actively supported Renovation of old temple construction. No new temples were built by them.

2) New structures like pavilions and halls with many pillars were added extensively to existing temples, with elaborately carved pillars.

3) The intricately carved lofty towers or gopurams at the entrance to temples were all added during the Vijayanagar period.

a) Only 2

b) Both 1 and 3

c) Both 2 and 3

d) All three is correct

Explanation

In south India, the Vijayanagar rulers and their military chiefs actively supported temple construction. Many new temples were built by them. Besides this, new structures like pavilions and halls with many pillars were added extensively to existing temples, with elaborately carved pillars. Temple sculptures of the Vijayanagar period. The intricately carved lofty towers or gopurams at the entrance to temples were all added during the Vijayanagar period.

64. Which new style of Tamil literature emerged during Vijayanagar period?

a) Manimekalai

b) Kallitokai

c) Prabandham

d) Padma puranam

Explanation

A large volume of religious literature, especially in Sanskrit, was produced under the patronage of the nayakas and the Vijayanagar rulers. Telugu literature flourished under royal support. A new style of Tamil literature called Prabandham emerged during this period.

65. Who codify the ragas of Carnatic music that lived Vijayanagar empire period?

a) Venkatamakhi

b) Janakirman

c) Muthiah bhagavatar

d) Raghavan

Explanation

Venkatamakhi, son of Govindha Dikshidar who codifying the ragas of Carnatic music had lived in Vijayanagar period. The great commentaries of the epic Silappadikaram were also written during this period.

66. Which of the following statement is correct

1) India was predominantly an agricultural country, and a very large proportion of the population lived in rural areas and depended on agriculture for their livelihood

2) In the north, the Persian wheel was used for lifting water from wells.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

India was predominantly an agricultural country, and a very large proportion of the population lived in rural areas and depended on agriculture for their livelihood. In the north, the Persian wheel was used for lifting water from wells.

67. Who built biggest network of canals in India in 14th century?

a) Iltutmish

b) Muhammad bin Tughluq

c) Alauddin khalji

d) Firuzshah Tughluq

Explanation

The biggest network of canals known in India was built in fourteenth century by Firuzshah Tughluq in the Delhi area. Construction of lakes, tanks and reservoirs with sluices to let out the water as well as the use of check dams all increased the availability of water for irrigation.

68. Who created a network of canals for irrigation connecting the tributaries of Kaveri. Lakes and tanks also added to the water sources in Tamil Nadu?

a) Pandya

b) Cholas

c) Pallavas

d) Vijayanagar empire

Explanation

In the Tamil region, the Cholas had created a network of canals for irrigation connecting the tributaries of Kaveri. Lakes and tanks also added to the water sources.

69. Which of the following crop is introduced by Europeans?

a) Rice

b) Millet

c) Maize

d) Wheat

Explanation

In India variety of food grains like wheat, rice, and millets were grown apart from lentils and oilseeds. Many other commercial crops were also grown such as sugarcane, cotton and indigo. Maize and tobacco were two new crops which were introduced after the arrival of the Europeans.

70. Which of the following fruit is not introduced from western countries

a) Mango

b) Pineapple

c) Papaya

d) Guava

Explanation

Many new varieties of fruit or horticultural crops like papaya, pineapple, guava and cashew nut were also introduced which came from the west, especially America. Potatoes, chillies and tomatoes also became an integral part of Indian food.

71. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) The peasant in India was more knowledgeable about many crops as compared to peasants in most of the world at the time.

2) In general, four different crops were grown in the different seasons, which protected the productivity of the soil.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

The peasant in India was more knowledgeable about many crops as compared to peasants in most of the world at the time. In general, two different crops were grown in the different seasons, which protected the productivity of the soil.

72. Consider the following statement and choose the correct answer

1) Up to the end of the nineteenth century, India was one of the largest manufacturing countries in the world though the economy was primarily agricultural.

2) A large part of the production was intended for local use in the urban region.

3) In economic terms, what was important was specialized production by skilled craftsmen for an external market, especially in demand among the high income rural and urban upper classes.

a) Only 3

b) Both 1 and 3

c) Both 1 and 2

d) All the three

Explanation

Up to the end of the seventeenth century, India was one of the largest manufacturing countries in the world though the economy was primarily agricultural. Non-agricultural production refers to both processed agricultural products and craft production. A large part of the production was intended for local use in the village, or at most a rural region. In economic terms, what was important was specialized production by skilled craftsmen for an external market, especially in demand among the high income rural and urban upper classes.

73. In India where silk weaving had developed?

a) Madras

b) Bengal

c) Cochin

d) Hyderabad

Explanation

Nearly all the cloth that was produced was of cotton, though silk weaving had developed in Bengal where silk was produced, and in Gujarat. Each region of India produced a range of highly specialized local varieties of cotton cloth ranging from the coarse to the superfine.

74. Which dye was used in India for Dyed and printed/patterned cloths?

a) Synthetic Dye

b) Animal Dye

c) Vat Dye

d) Vegetable Dye

Explanation

Dyed and printed/patterned cloth involved the use of vegetable dyes. India had two natural advantages in cotton weaving. The first was that cotton grew in almost all parts of India. Second, the technology of producing a permanent colour on cotton using vegetable dyes was known from very early times in India.

75. Which of the following statement is true

1) Cotton does not absorb dyes without a preparatory process using mordants, which was not known in the rest of the world.

2) Indigo was the most important dye crop that was grown in India, but other dye crops were also grown in India.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Cotton does not absorb dyes without a preparatory process using mordants, which was not known in the rest of the world. Indigo was the most important dye crop that was grown in India, but other dye crops (like the chay root for red colour) were also grown in India.

76. Which among the following is not major ports of India?

a) Surat

b) Damon

c) Masulipatnam

d) Calicut

Explanation

In addition to such overland trade, smaller ships and boats were used in coastal trade along both the western and eastern coasts of the country. Finally, the major ports like Surat, Masulipatnam, Calicut etc. were the nodal points in international, maritime trade.

77. Match the List I with List II and select the correct answer

List I (Region) List II (Port)

I. Gujarat 1. Calicut

II. Bengal 2. Surat

III. Coromandel coast 3. Pulicat

IV. Kerala 4. Chittagong

a) 4 – 2 – 1 – 3

b) 3 – 4 – 1 – 2

c) 2 – 4 – 3 – 1

d) 1 – 3 – 2 – 4

Explanation

Ports like Malacca, Calicut etc. were ‘entrepots’ or intermediate points in this regionally segmented trade. In the seventeenth century, Surat in Gujarat, Masulipatnam in the Golkonda kingdom, Chittagong in Bengal, Pulicat (Pazhaverkadu) and Nagapatnam on the Coromandel Coast, and Calicut in Kerala were all major ports in Asiatic trade.

78. Textiles accounted for nearly how many per cent of the total exports from Medieval India?

a) 73%

b) 85%

c) 80%

d) 90%

Explanation

India was also a major exporter of textiles, pepper, precious and semi-precious gems – especially diamonds which were then found only in India. Textiles accounted for nearly 90 per cent of the total exports from India.

79. Which of the following is not imported during Medieval India?

a) Steel

b) Gold

c) Slaves

d) Silk

Explanation

The major imports from China and the east were silk, Chinese ceramics, gold, spices, aromatic woods and camphor. Silk, drugs, dye woods and sugar were the main imports from Persia, while gold, ivory and slaves were brought in from east Africa.

80. Which of the following statement is correct

1) Urban was the basic geographical unit of production, and was essentially a subsistence economy and barter were the medium of exchange.

2) Big cities were usually major commercial centres, with bazaars and shops. They were also intermediate points in inter-regional trade since they were connected by a network of roads to other centres in other parts of the country.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

The village was the basic geographical unit of production, and was essentially a subsistence economy and barter were the medium of exchange. Big cities were usually major commercial centres, with bazaars and shops. They were also intermediate points in inter-regional trade since they were connected by a network of roads to other centres in other parts of the country.

81. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) In South India, especially the Tamil region, Rural development went hand in hand with temples.

2) Devotees coming to worship at the temple needed many services and goods, so that temple towns also became marketing centres.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

In South India, especially the Tamil region, urbanization went hand in hand with temples. Temples were large economic enterprises requiring a variety of goods and services to function. Devotees coming to worship at the temple needed many services and goods, so that temple towns also became marketing centres.

82. In the beginning of the 9th century A.D. (C.E.), a new institution Who came into existence in continental Europe?

a) German Reich

b) Ottoman empire

c) Holy Roman Empire

d) Kingdom of Prussia

Explanation

In the beginning of the 9th century A.D. (C.E.), a new institution called Holy Roman Empire came into existence in continental Europe. This had nothing to do with the old Roman Empire which had ceased to exist after 476 A.D. (C.E.).

83. Who was the first Holy Roman Emperor to assume the title (800 A.D. (C.E.)?

a) Louis the pious

b) Clovis I

c) Charles Martel

d) Charlemagne

Explanation

Charlemagne, the king of Franks, was the first Holy Roman Emperor to assume the title (800 A.D. (C.E.)). Charlemagne was a contemporary of Pallava king Nandivarman II and Pratihara ruler Nagabatta I.

84. The Nobles in England forced King John II to sign a charter of liberty called as ______

a) Magna carta

b) Bill of Rights

c) Die 95 Thesen

d) Spirit of Law

Explanation

The nobles in England forced King John II to sign a Charter of Liberty in 1215 A.D. (C.E.). It is Magna Carta or the Great Charter. This Charter contained a promise that the king would respect certain liberties of the nobles and the people of England.