Road Safety Notes 9th Social Science
Road Safety Notes 9th Social Science
9th Social Science Lesson 16 Notes in English
16. Road Safety
- Road accident refers to any accident involving at least a vehicle, occurring on a road open to public transport, and in which at least one person is injured or killed.
- Intentional acts (murder, suicide) and natural disasters are excluded from road accidents.
- Road accidents are the leading cause of death by injury and the tenth-leading cause of all deaths globally.
- An estimated 1.2 million people are killed in road crashes each year, and as many as 50 million people are injured.
How different factors contribute to road accidents:
Drivers:
Over-speeding, rash driving, violation of rules, failure to understand signs, fatigue, alcohol
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Pedestrians:
Carelessness, illiteracy, crossing at wrong places, jaywalkers
Passengers:
Projecting their body parts outside vehicles, talking to drivers, alighting and boarding vehicles from the wrong side, travelling on footboards, catching a running bus etc.
Vehicles:
Failure of brakes or steering, tyre burst, insufficient headlights, overloading Road Conditions: Potholes, damaged roads, eroded roads merging of rural roads with highways and illegal speed breakers
Weather conditions:
Fog, snow, heavy rainfall, wind storms, hail storms.
Direct Consequences of Accidents:
1. Fatality (Death)
2. Injury
3. Damage to Property
Preventive measures for accidents:
1. Education and awareness about road safety
2. Strict enforcement of law
3. Engineering: (a) Vehicle design (b) Road infrastructure
Rules to Ensure Road Safety for children
It is important for children to know about road safety rules and regulations. Here are a few basic road safety rules for children:
1. Know Your Signals
2. Stop, Look and Cross
3. Pay Attention – Listen 4. Don’t Run On Roads
5. Always Use Sidewalks
6. Never Stick Hands outside the Vehicle
7. Never Cross Road at Bends
8. Don’t Rush.
More to Know:
1. With over 1,30,000 deaths annually India has the worst road accident rate worldwide.
2. The chances of death by accident can be decreased by 51% with the proper use of seat belt.
3. Every three minutes a child is killed in an accident in the world. The main causes of death by road accidents include
1. Drunk and drive (40%), speeding (24%), car boom in India (16%), inefficient law enforcement (15%) and less use of helmets and seat belts (5%)
2. Distractions to Driver
3. Red Light Jumping
4. Overtaking in a wrong manner