Political Developments in Tamil Nadu 11th Political Science Lesson 14 Questions in English

11th Political Science Lesson 14 Questions in English

14] Political Developments in Tamil Nadu

1. Match the following correctly

1. Birth of Dravidian Association 1. 1917
2. SILF formed 2. 1914
3. Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms 3. 1916
4. Justice Party 4. 1919
5. 2, 3, 4, 1
6. 2, 1, 3, 4
7. 4, 1, 2, 3
8. 3, 1, 4, 2

Explanation

2. Match the following correctly

1. Anti-Hindi Agitation before Independence 1. 1956
2. Justice Party renamed into Dravidar Kazhagam 2. 1937
3. Birth of DMK 3. 1944
4. States Reorganization Act 4. 1949
5. 2, 1, 3, 4
6. 3, 1, 2, 4
7. 2, 3, 4, 1
8. 2, 1, 4, 3

Explanation

3. Match the following

1. Madras State was renamed as “Tamil Nadu” 1. 1974
2. AIADMK 2. 1969
3. State Autonomy Resolution for TN in assembly 3. 1972
4. DMK government under C.N. Annadurai 4. 1967
5. 1, 3, 2, 4
6. 3, 1, 4, 2
7. 2, 3, 1, 4
8. 3, 1, 2, 4

Explanation

4. When did Madras Presidency was formed?

1. 1707
2. 1764
3. 1664
4. 1801

Explanation

Compared with rest of India, Tamil Nadu has had a healthy administrative and political culture, more or less stable economic life, and continuity of traditions from the hoary past to the present. Madras Presidency of South India came into existence due to the administrative and political needs of the British. The Madras Presidency was formed in A.D (C.E.) 1801.

5. Which of the following State/Union Territory were included in Madras Presidency?

1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Kerala
3. Karnataka
4. Lakshadweep
5. Andaman and Nicobar
6. 1, 2, 4, 5
7. 1, 2, 3, 5
8. 1, 2, 3, 4
9. 2, 3, 4, 5

Explanation

The Madras Presidency as it existed during the 19th and 20th centuries, comprised of the present states of Andhra Pradesh, Malabar region of Kerala, Southern Karnataka, Southernmost part of Odisha and Union Territory of Lakshadweep.

6. Which of the following statement is correct?

1. Madras Presidency politics in the early part of 20th century was dominated by the “Brahmin – non – Brahmin conflicts”.
2. The word ‘Dravidian’ was used by scholars and non – Tamils to identify nonAryan Tamil speaking people.
3. Brahmins were identified as “Aryans” and the custodians of Sanskrit civilisation
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

Madras Presidency politics in the early part of 20th century was dominated by the “Brahmin – non – Brahmin conflicts”. Scholars and political thinkers believed that understanding the conflicts between these two groups, (the Brahmins and non – Brahmins), is necessary to understand the South Indian Politics and society. The word ‘Dravidian’ was used by scholars and non – Tamils to identify non-Aryan Tamil speaking people. At the same time Brahmins were identified as “Aryans” and the custodians of Sanskrit civilisation where as non-Brahmins were considered as “Dravidians” and the custodians of Tamil language, culture and civilisation.

7. Assertion(A): A portion of non-Brahmin caste groups migrated from rural areas to urban

pockets of the Presidency

Reason(R): They wanted to challenge the monopoly of powers and privileges enjoyed by

the Brahmins in politics, administration and society.

1. A is correct and R is Wrong
2. A is Wrong and R is Correct
3. Both A and R are Correct, but R is not correct Explanation of A
4. Both A and R are Correct, R is correct Explanation of A

Explanation

A few members of Non-Brahmin caste groups sought employment in industries, commercial enterprises etc., Significant but a portion of non-Brahmin caste groups migrated from rural areas to urban pockets of the Presidency and wanted to ascertain their identity as ‘Dravidian’ and ‘Tamils’ and gradually challenged the monopoly of powers and privileges enjoyed by the Brahmins in politics, administration and society.

8. Assertion(A): A movement called ‘Dravidian Movement’ was started in Madras

Presidency by Periyar

Reason(R): It was formed to protect and promote the Tamil identity, culture, socio-

political and economic interest of non-Brahmins

1. A is correct and R is Wrong
2. A is Wrong and R is Correct
3. Both A and R are Correct, but R is not correct Explanation of A
4. Both A and R are Correct, R is correct Explanation of A

Explanation

In order to protect and promote the Tamil identity, culture, socio-political and economic interest of non-Brahmins, a movement called ‘Dravidian Movement’ was started in Madras Presidency by a group of non – Brahmins.

9. As a multi-lingual Presidency, in Madras which of the following diversity were prevalent?

1. Tamils
2. Kannadigas
3. Tulus
4. Telegus
5. 1, 2, 4
6. 1, 3, 4
7. 2, 3, 4
8. All the above

Explanation

In 1801 Madras Presidency was formed by the colonial regime as a multilingual province (Tamils, Telegus, Malayalees, Kannadigas and Tulus). India’s diversity could be noticed in the political developments of the Madras Presidency.

10. Who’s research on South Indian languages established Indian culture was not

homogeneous?

1. Francis Whyte Ellis
2. Robert Caldwell
3. James Principe
4. Nelis Bohr

Explanation

In Bengal and in the rest of North India a Sanskrit and Vedic centered Indian culture was projected, besides an Indo-Aryan or Indo-German group of languages were acknowledged. Non-Vedic, Non-Sanskrit cultures were not recognized. The deciphering of Brahmi script in 1837 by James Principe and researches on south Indian languages (Ellis in 1816 and Caldwell in 1856) came to establish that Indian culture was not homogeneous.

11. Who tried to forge valluvar as Jain, to promote the “Thomas myth” in India?

1. Robert Caldwell
2. Francis Whyte Ellis
3. Thomas Caldwell
4. James Principe

Explanation

Francis Whyte Ellis is praised by Tamil enthusiasts as lover of Tamil, Valluvar, Kural and so on, without knowing the colonial and Christian background of him. In fact, he tried to forge valluvar as Jain, to promote the “Thomas myth” in India.

12. Which of the following statement is correct?

1. Buddhist and Dravidian traditions also existed in India
2. In multi-lingual Madras Presidency, theories on Dravidian group of languages and Dravidian cultural heritage led to assertion of Dravidian identity among the Non-Brahmin.
3. 1 alone
4. 2 alone
5. 1, 2
6. None

Explanation

Buddhist and Dravidian traditions also existed in India. In the south, especially in the multi-lingual Madras Presidency, theories on Dravidian group of languages and Dravidian cultural heritage led to assertion of Dravidian identity among the Non-Brahmin.

13. Which of the following are reasons for transformed the Dravidian identity into Non-

Brahmin identity?

1. Brahmins claiming superiority over Non-Brahmins
2. Dravidians wanted to claim over the whole country
3. Brahmins monopolizing educational and employment opportunities
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

Two factors (1) Brahmins claiming superiority over Non-Brahmins and (2) Brahmins monopolizing educational and employment opportunities transformed the Dravidian identity into Non-Brahmin identity.

14. Who launched Non-Brahmin movement in Maharashtra?

1. Lala Lajpat Rai
2. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
3. Jyotiba Rao Phule
4. Bipin Chandra Pal

Explanation

(In Maharashtra too Mahatma Jyotiba Rao Phule launched a Non-Brahmin movement on similar lines). Dravidian also indicated the Non-Brahmins in south India.

15. Who founded Madras Native Association?

1. Dr. T.M. Nair
2. Dr.C. Natesan
3. Pitti Theagarayar
4. Gangalu Lakshmi Narash

Explanation

The Non-Brahmins of the Madras Presidency had a grievance that the emerging nationalist leaders paid no heed to non-brahmin issues. In 1852 Gangalu Lakshmi Narash expressed this grievance, seceded from British Indian Association and floated his own organization named Madras Native Association

16. When was Minto-Morley reforms introduced in India?

1. 1919
2. 1909
3. 1935
4. 1784

Explanation

In the post-mutiny period, the non-brahmin leaders undertook social reforms rather than political reforms. After the introduction of Minto-Morley reforms in 1909 the non-brahmin leaders of Madras Presidency began to protest the inadequate representations to them in education and employment.

17. In which year Sir Alexander Gordon Cardew submitted statistical details about three

percent of the population of Brahmins?

1. 1909
2. 1921
3. 1913
4. 1923

Explanation

Sir Alexander Gordon Cardew, a member of Governor’s Executive Council submitted statistical details (1913) to prove that the Brahmins who formed only three percent of the population cornered most of the opportunities.

18. Who among the following founded South Indian Liberal Federation?

1. Dr.T.M. Nair
2. Pitti Theagarayar
3. Annie Beasant
4. Dr.C. Natesan
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 2, 3, 4
7. 1, 2, 4
8. All the above

Explanation

In 1916 Dr.T.M. Nair, Pitti Theagarayar and Dr.C. Natesan founded the South Indian Liberal Federation to promote and safeguard the socioeconomic political interests of the nonbrahmin. This South Indian Liberal Federation (SILF) came to be popularly known as the “Justice Party” named after the English journal Justice. Through their relentless efforts they secured reservation of seats for the non-brahmin in the elections to the legislative council.

19. Which of the followings are main objectives of the Justice Party?

1. To work for Brahmins and Non-Brahmins upliftment through Constitutional government
2. To create and promote the Educational, Social, Economic, Political and material progress of all communities other than Brahmins of South India
3. To make the government truly a representative government.
4. To create public opinion in-favour of Non-Brahmins demand
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 2, 3, 4
7. 1, 3, 4
8. All the above

Explanation

The main objectives of the Justice Party (JP):

i) To create and promote the Educational, Social, Economic, Political and material progress of all communities other than Brahmins of South India.

ii) To work for Non-Brahmins upliftment through Constitutional government.

iii) To make the government truly a representative government.

iv) To create public opinion in-favour of Non-Brahmins demand.

20. Which of the following introduced dyarchy in the presidencies?

1. Minto- Morley reforms
2. Montague Chelmsford reforms
3. Government of India act 1935
4. Pitts India act

Explanation

Montagu Chelmsford reforms 1919 introduced dyarchy in the presidencies by which a few departments were earmarked for Indian ministers chosen from the elected members. In the first elections under dyarchy in 1920, the Indian National Congress as a part of the Non-Co-operation Movement boycotted the elections, but many congressmen contested the elections under different banners.

21. Who become Chief Minister of Madras in 1921?

1. A.Subbarayalu
2. Raja of Panagal
3. Dr. C. Natesan
4. P. Subbarayan

Explanation

The Justice Party won majority of the seats and A.Subbarayalu became the Chief Minister and after his death, Raja of Panagal became the Chief Minister of Madras in 1921.

22. Between which years Justice party hold power in Madras Presidency?

1. 1921 to 1935
2. 1919 to 1937
3. 1921 to 1930
4. 1917 to 1937

Explanation

In spite of the fluctuating fortunes in the subsequent elections, the Justice party continued to hold power from 1921 to 1937. They introduced a number of reforms. Through communal Government Order they ensured adequate number of opportunities to every category of non-brahmin communities.

23. Which of the following are the reforms by Justice Party?

1. Panchami’s Land
2. Experimented with “Noon Meal Scheme” in a few schools
3. Regulated the temple affairs through the newly constituted Hindu Religious Endowment Board
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

Justice Party of non-brahmin communities. They removed discrimination against Sudras and Panchamas in public roads, transports, restaurants and public wells. They regulated the temple affairs through the newly constituted Hindu Religious Endowment Board, earmarked plots of land for the Panchamas (Panchami’s Land) introduced new township and industrial estates. Special efforts were taken to provide education for the children of depressed classes. For the first time they experimented with “Noon Meal Scheme” in a few schools.

24. Who among the following made initiative for abolishing Devadasi system?

1. Jyotiba Phule
2. Savitri Phule
3. Dr. Muthulakshmi
4. A. Subbarayalu

Explanation

On an initiative from Dr. Muthulakshmi and others, Devadasi system was abolished in Tamil Nadu and women were enfranchised. Co-operative societies were promoted. Mirasdari system was abolished, and a number of irrigation schemes were introduced in 1923.

25. Which of the following University were founded during the regime of Justice Party?

1. Madras University
2. Andhra University
3. Annamalai University
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

Annamalai University and Andhra University were founded during Justice party regime. It was the Justice Party which provided the most successful government though they were assigned only a few departments.

26. Who among the following got the nickname ‘Siraiparavai’?

1. Rajaji
2. Peiyar E.V. Ramasamy
3. Kamaraj
4. A. Subbarayalu

Explanation

Madras Presidency has witnessed massive anti-Hindi agitations and Periyar was imprisoned by the provincial government. It is significant to note that in fifteen years he went to jail twenty- three times and got the nickname as ‘jailbird’ (Siraiparavai).

27. In which year Periyar was imprisoned for his Anti-Hindi agitation?

1. 1937
2. 1936
3. 1938
4. 1940

Explanation

Peiyar E.V. Ramasamy considered the decision of Rajaji’s government to impose Hindi as a compulsory subject as a move to establish ‘North Indian imperialism’ and destroying the Tamil language and culture. Periyar, further, maintained that the imposition of Hindi was a calculated effort to sub judicate the Dravidians in order to ascertain the supremacy of the Aryans. In 1938, Periyar was imprisoned for his Anti-Hindi agitation and then he was elected as the president of Justice Party.

28. In which year Justice party made a resolution that Tamil Nadu should be made as a

separate state loyal to British government?

1. 1939
2. 1938
3. 1940
4. 1942

Explanation

In the year 1938, the Justice Party passed a resolution that Tamil Nadu should be made as a separate state loyal to British government and it should be under the direct control of the Secretary of State for India.

29. When did Periyar launched Self-respect movement?

1. 1921
2. 1925
3. 1937
4. 1935

Explanation

Periyar E.V. Ramaswamy who played a pioneering role in the Madras Presidency Congress, had tried his best to make the Tamilnadu Congress Committee adopt resolutions in favour of proportional representation for the non-brahmins in political arena. He gave an effective leadership to the Vaikom Sathyagraha and campaigned against caste-discrimination in the Cheranmadevi Gurukula, founded by congress. When all his efforts failed to make congress adopt his programme, he left congress and launched the self-respect movement in 1925.

30. For which of the following Periyar campaigned?

1. gender based restrictions on women
2. rejection of hereditary priesthood
3. eradication of caste system
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

Periyar shunned electoral politics and instead campaigned for social reforms, especially for eradication of caste system, removal of indignities and gender-based restrictions on women, and rejection of hereditary priesthood. The self-respect movement carried on a vigorous campaign against age old superstitious beliefs and practices in every sphere and questioned the role of religion in justifying and sustaining such irrational traditions and inequalities. The Self Respect Movement campaigned for rationalism, and against denial of dignity and equal status of individuals (including women) under the garb of tradition and religion.

31. Which of the following statement is correct?

1. The Self Respect Movement ordained its members to give up caste surname caste-religious identities
2. It introduced the self-respect marriages.
3. It fought against in favour untouchability
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

The Self Respect Movement ordained its members to give up caste surname and caste-religious identities; it introduced the self-respect marriages. It fought against not only untouchability but even against the caste-system and the caste-based disabilities and indignities imposed on individuals.

32. Which of the following is not a newspaper is not a Periyar’s journal?

1. Kudiarasu
2. Revolt
3. Suyamariyathai
4. Viduthalai

Explanation

The Self Respect Movement propagated not merely letter treatment of women, but for equal rights, equal status an equal-opportunities for women. Self – Respect Movement’s role in “Women Liberation” was unparalleled and for that E.V.Ramaswamy was given the title “Periyar” in a women’s conference. Periyar’s journal ‘Kudiarasu’ ‘Revolt’ and later ‘Viduthalai’ carried on the effective propaganda of self-respect ideals.

[Periyar started a number of newspapers and journals such as Kudi Arasu (Democracy) (1925), Revolt (1928), Puratchi (Revolution) (1933), Paguththarivu (Rationalism) (1934), and Viduthalai (Liberation) (1935). Kudi Arasu was the official newspaper of the SelfRespect Movement.] (10^th book volume 2, Unit-10).

33. Which of the following statement is correct?

1. In 1929 the first Self-Respect Conference was held in Salem
2. In the crucial elections of 1937 the Congress party, led by C. Rajagopalachari, won majority every seat except one.
3. The Congress formed the government and Rajaji became the Chief Minister of the Madras province.
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

In 1929 the first Self-Respect Conference was held in Chengalpattu. In the crucial elections of 1937 the Congress party, led by C. Rajagopalachari, won majority every seat except one. The Congress party victory was largely because of the decline of Justice Party. The Congress formed the government and Rajaji became the Chief Minister of the Madras province. Soon after assuming power the Congress government introduced Hindi as a compulsory subject in the schools. Periyar launched anti-Hindi agitations. A large number of students have participated in the agitations organized by Periyar.

34. When was Communist party launched formally in India?

1. 1920
2. 1925
3. 1930
4. 1935

Explanation

During the period of anti-Hindi agitations, the Communist Party (formally launched in 1925) became active in campaigning for socialist programme and organized labour movements.

35. In which of the following both communist Party and Self Respect Movement agreed to

work on a common programme?

1. Salem Plan
2. Erode Plan
3. Madurai Plan
4. Madras Plan

Explanation

M. Singaravelu, and their associates were impressed by the social reform programmes of the Self Respect Movement, which in turn extended support to the economic programme of the communities, and these two movements agreed to work on a common programme (Erode Plan).

36. Which of the following is not an Objective of Self-Respect League?

1. To teach the truth of ancient Tamil civilization to Dravidians.
2. Reforming the Hinduism by eliminating Brahmin influence and superstitious practices
3. Reforming Dravidian society to make it truly rational
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. None

Explanation

Objectives of Self-Respect League:

i) Reforming Dravidian society to make it truly rational.

ii) To teach the truth of ancient Tamil civilization to Dravidians.

iii) Save the Dravidian society from the domination of Aryan culture.

iv) Reforming the Hinduism by eliminating Brahmin influence and superstitious practices.

He wanted to restore the past glory of Dravidian culture by creating social awareness among the non-Brahmins in general and particularly the youth. He advocated Self –Respect marriages, a marriage which was conducted in the absence of Brahmin priesthood, discouraged the people from performing religious ceremonies and not to employ the services of the Brahmins in any of the social events.

37. When did Justice Party began to face decline in the province?

1. 1923
2. 1930
3. 1935
4. 1924

Explanation

By 1929, the Self-Respect Movement had become a formidable movement in the Madras Presidency. In 1930’s the Justice Party began to face decline in the province. There were three major factors responsible for this decline. Firstly, the party lost its support among the Depressed sections of the society and minorities. Secondly the Self-Respect Movement, under Periyar had become more radical. Finally, the elitist and pro-British outlook of Justice Party had also contributed significantly for its decline.

38. Assertion(A): Indian National Congress to wins the election in Madras Presidency in

1937 and Rajagopalachari became the premier

Reason(R): The decline of the Justice Party and Periyar’s refusal to enter into electoral

politics together with the growing popularity of Mahatma Gandhi.

1. A is correct and R is Wrong
2. A is Wrong and R is Correct
3. Both A and R are Correct, but R is not correct Explanation of A
4. Both A and R are Correct, R is correct Explanation of A

Explanation

The decline of the Justice Party and Periyar’s refusal to enter into electoral politics together with the growing popularity of Mahatma Gandhi, enabled Indian National Congress to win elections in the Madras Presidency in 1937 and Rajagopalachari became the premier.

39. Which of the following were introduced by Rajagopalachari as a premier?

1. Total prohibition
2. Abolition of Zamindari system
3. Introduction of Hindi as optional language in schools
4. Introduced legislations removing restrictions on temple entry for the depressed classes
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 1, 2, 4
7. 2, 3, 4
8. All the above

Explanation

Rajagopalachari introduced total prohibition (ban on liquor) and abolished the Zamindari system, and introduced legislations removing restrictions on temple entry for the depressed classes. He introduced Hindi as compulsory language in schools.

40. Who organized the ‘Anti Hindi Movement’ in 1937?

1. Periyar
2. Mariamalai Adigal
3. Bharathiyar
4. Bharathidhasan

Explanation

Yet Rajagopalachari measures leading to closure of many schools and introduction of Hindi as compulsory language in schools provoked the admirers of self-respect and Tamil Nationalists like Mariamalai Adigal to organize the ‘Anti Hindi Movement’ in 1937. Thousands of agitators including E.V. Ramaswamy courted arrests, and a number of agitators died in prison.

41. Under whose leadership resolution was made to change name of Justice Party to Dravidar

Kazhagam?

1. C.N. Annadurai
2. Periyar
3. Bakthavatsalam
4. Rajaji

Explanation

In 1944, at Salem conference under the leadership of Periyar, a historic resolution was moved to change the name of Justice Party to Dravidar Kazhagam (DK). Periyar organised ‘Dravida Nadu’ conference and demanded an independent homeland for ‘Dravidians’. Further, he pronounced his very famous slogan ‘Dravida Nadu for Dravidians’ at the conference.

42. Match the following PREMIER CHIEF MINISTER of Madras with their ruling period

1. Raja of Panagal 1. 1937
2. Poppili Raja 2. 1947 – 1949
3. K.V. Reddy Naidu 3. 1932 -1937
4. O.P. Ramasamy Reddiyar 4. 1921-1926
5. 4, 1, 2, 3
6. 3, 2, 1, 4
7. 4, 3, 1, 2
8. 3, 1, 2, 4

Explanation

43. Match the Chief minister of TN with their respective ruling year after Independence

1. M.G. Ramachandran 1. 2001
2. Janaki Ramachandran 2. 1985-1987
3. M. Karunanidhi 3. 1988
4. J. Jayalalithaa 4. 1996-2001
5. 2, 1, 3, 4
6. 2, 3, 4, 1
7. 3, 1, 4, 2
8. 4, 1, 2, 3

Explanation

44. When was Hindi was made as the official language of the Indian Union?

1. January 26, 1965
2. August 15, 1965
3. January 26, 1955
4. August 15, 1955

Explanation

In accordance with the provisions of Article 313 of the Indian Constitution Hindi was made as the official language of the Indian Union on January 26, 1965.

45. Assertion(A): Many leaders of the party and its cadres were arrested because of Anti-

Hindi agitations.

Reason(R): Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam decided to observe 26th January, 1955 as a

‘Day of Mourning’

1. A is correct and R is Wrong
2. A is Wrong and R is Correct
3. Both A and R are Correct, but R is not correct Explanation of A
4. Both A and R are Correct, R is correct Explanation of A

Explanation

In order to protest the decision of the Union Government the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam decided to observe 26th January, 1965 as a ‘Day of Mourning’. Many leaders of the party and its cadres were arrested. Tamil Nadu had witnessed a large scale of Anti-Hindi agitations. Because of the agitations the cause secured considerable amount of support among the student community. On the other-hand the Congress party lost its base and support in the state of Tamil Nadu. Meanwhile, the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam had withdrawn the demand for ‘Dravida Nadu’ and continue to actively participate in the electoral politics of Tamil Nadu and became a ruling party in the state.

46. Which of the following statement is correct?

1. In 1944, Dravidar Kazhagam split and Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam was formed.
2. In 1939, the congress protested the government’s declaration involving India in the Second World War.
3. In Madras Presidency Rajaji’s ministry had resigned but Periyar raised the demand of Dravida Nadu on the ground that independence prior to socio-cultural equality would be injurious to Tamil interests
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. None

Explanation

In 1939, the congress protested the government’s d e c l a r a t i o n involving India in the Second World War which led to the resignation of congress ministry. In Madras Presidency Rajaji’s ministry had resigned but Periyar raised the demand of Dravida Nadu on the ground that independence prior to socio-cultural equality would be injurious to Tamil interests. In 1949, Dravidar Kazhagam split and Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam was formed.

47. In which year Supreme Court struck down communal reservations in higher education?

1. 1951
2. 1991
3. 1989
4. 1977

Explanation

In 1951, the Supreme Court struck down communal reservations in higher education. Immediately Periyar launched a major agitation for the restoration of communal reservation. Consequently, the first constitutional amendment Act was passed in the Parliament in favour of reservations for socially and educationally backward classes.

48. who led the first elected ministry in the Madras, under the Republican Constitution?

1. M. Bakthavatsalam
2. K. Kamaraj
3. C.N. Annadurai
4. C. Rajagopalachari

Explanation

The politics of Madras State in India witnessed the continuation of struggle between status-quoists and reformists. C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji) who led the first elected ministry in the Madras, under the Republican Constitution.

49. who introduced kulakalvi system?

1. M. Bakthavatsalam
2. K. Kamaraj
3. C. Rajagopalachari
4. C.N. Annadurai

Explanation

C. Rajagopalachari (1952-54) again reduced the number of schools, attempted to impose Hindi in schools and Modified Scheme of Elementary Education which provided for part time learning of hereditary occupations popularly known as kulakalvi. Dravidian leaders launched a statewide protest against movement. Even a section of congress leaders resented Rajaji’s proposals which led to change in Chief ministership

50. When did Gandhi led his Dandi march?

1. 1930
2. 1929
3. 1931
4. 1932

Explanation

Arundhati Roy on Dandi March:

Resistance as spectacle, as political theatre, has a history. Gandhi’s salt march in 1930 to Dandi is among the most exhilarating examples. But the salt march wasn’t theatre alone. It was the symbolic part of a large act of real civil disobedience. When Gandhi and an army of freedom fighters marched to Gujarat’s coast and made salt from sea water, thousands of Indians across the country began to make their own salt, openly defying imperial Britain’s salt tax laws, which banned local production in favour of British imports. It was a direct strike at the economic underpinning of the British Empire.

51. Which of the following statement is correct?

1. Kamaraj abolished the Modified Scheme of Elementary Education
2. Rajaji also introduced the noon-meal scheme for school children
3. He built a number of dams for improving irrigation, provided more industrial estates and ensured astonishing industrial growth in the state.
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

Kamaraj abolished the Modified Scheme of Elementary Education, increased manifold the number of schools, built a number of dams for improving irrigation, provided more industrial estates and ensured astonishing industrial growth in the state. He made education more accessible to poor and rural children. Kamaraj also introduced the noon-meal scheme for school children.

52. When did Kamaraj his chief ministership resigned to become the President of Indian

National Congress?

1. 1963
2. 1956
3. 1961
4. 1965

Explanation

In 1963, Kamaraj resigned (Kamaraj Plan) his chief ministership to become the President of Indian National Congress and M.Bhaktavatchalam took over the reins of the government. The Food shortage and anti-hindi agitation caused the unpopularity of his ministry.

53. Who was CM of Madras presidency when 1956 ‘states reorganization Act’ was passed?

1. C. Rajaji
2. C.N. Annadurai
3. Kamaraj
4. Bhaktavatchalam

Explanation

In 1956, through ‘states reorganization Act’ Madras Presidency gave up malayalam regions to Kerala, Telegu region to Andhra Pradesh and Kannada regions to Mysore. Thus, Madras state became a state of Tamils. Kamaraj provided a stable government during this time.

54. Which of the following are the major achievements of the DMK party?

1. Nationalisation of Bus routes larger than 75 miles
2. Waiver of Tuition fee for poor students of all castes in pre-University and pre-technical courses
3. Second World Tamil Conference was organised
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

The other major achievements of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party were:

A. Nationalisation of Bus routes larger than 75 miles.

B. Waiver of Tuition fee for poor students of all castes in pre-University and pretechnical courses.

C. Second World Tamil Conference was organised.

D. Supply of subsidised rice for people of Tamil Nadu.

55. From which year DMK decided to enter electoral politics?

1. 1952
2. 1957
3. 1967
4. 1969

Explanation

For the past 62 years Dravidian parties have been ruling Tamilnadu. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam decided to enter electoral politics in 1957 and gave up its “Dravida Nadu” demand consequent to Chinese aggression of Indian territories. and to overcome newly amended electoral laws.

56. Which of the following languages are included in language policy in Tamilnadu?

1. Tamil
2. Telugu
3. English
4. Hindi
5. 1 alone
6. 1, 2, 3
7. 1, 3, 4
8. 1, 2

Explanation

Annadurai won a majority in 1967 elections. Annadurai ruled for a brief period (1967- 69), yet he renamed Madras state as Tamil Nadu, passed civil marriages act, rejected three language policies of central government and enforced a two language (English & Tamil) policy in Tamil Nadu.

57. For first time, who introduced subsidized rice (one measure one rupee) scheme in TN?

1. Annadurai
2. M. Karunanidhi
3. M.G. Ramachandran
4. Janaki Ramachandran

Explanation

For the first time, he introduced a subsidized rice (one measure one rupee) scheme. His successor M. Karunanidhi continued his legacy.

58. When did AIADMK captured power in Assembly in Tamil Nadu?

1. 1972
2. 1977
3. 1987
4. 1975

Explanation

In 1972, M.G.Ramachandran founded his own Dravidian Party (All Indian Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam – AIADMK). He captured power in 1977 and retained the same till his death in 1987. Thereafter, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam under M.Karunanidhi and Selvi J. Jayalalitha of All Indian Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam led ministries in alternative elections. Besides, these two, there are a few other Dravidian parties like Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.

59. Which of the following scheme was not introduced by Tamil Nadu Government?

1. Samathuvapuram
2. Uzhavarsanthai
3. One India One Ration
4. Cradle baby scheme

Explanation

More than, six decades of Dravidian rule contributed remarkably to the development of Tamil. They steadfastly protected the interest of Tamil language, Tamil people and Tamilnadu. A number of welfare schemes were introduced to alleviate the suffering of common people. They ensured food security through subsidized and later free rice schemes, nutritious meal scheme, free education until under graduate level, free electricity for farming, abolition of cycle rickshaws and manual scavenging, cradle baby scheme for the abandoned children, and welfare boards for various unorganized workers, and even for transgender. As a remedy to ruinous caste conflicts, ‘Samathuvapuram’ and ‘Uzhavarsanthai’ were created.

60. Which of the following statement is correct?

1. The phenomenal increase in industrial activity increased the opportunities for youth; as a result of these developments Tamil Nadu registered a high ranking in HDI
2. Tamil Nadu is in prominent position in promoting automobile industries, electronics, and in pharmaceutical industries
3. Free electricity was provided to huts, slum clearance board met the housing requirements of slum dwellers by TN government
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. All the above

Explanation

Free electricity was provided to huts, slum clearance board met the housing requirements of slum dwellers. The phenomenal increase in industrial activity increased the opportunities for youth; as a result of these developments Tamil Nadu registered a high ranking in HDI (Human Development Index). Today, Tamil Nadu is in prominent position in promoting automobile industries, electronics, and in pharmaceutical industries. Its new economic zones are attracting huge investments. Tamil Nadu’s achievements in infrastructural development are acclaimed by all. Roads, harbours, electrification and availability of skilled labour facilitate industrial development.

61. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

1. The Dravidian parties since the days of Annadurai have been championing the cause of secularism and autonomy of the states.
2. Promotion of Tamil language, through tamil university, ulaga tamil araichi niruvanam, world tamil conference and ulaga tamil semmozhi conference, and script reforms, led to all-round advancement of tamil language
3. The Dravidian parties have also been contributing substantially to national politics.
4. 1, 2
5. 1, 3
6. 2, 3
7. None

Explanation

There has been a manifold increase in the number of schools of different categories. There is a manifold increase in the number of universities. Tamilnadu has exclusive universities for women, engineering and technology, law, medicine, siddha medicine, sports etc. Promotion of Tamil language, through tamil university, ulaga tamil araichi niruvanam, world tamil conference and ulaga tamil semmozhi conference, and script reforms, led to all-round advancement of tamil language. The Dravidian parties since the days of Annadurai have been championing the cause of secularism and autonomy of the states. The Dravidian parties have also been contributing substantially to national politics. Dravidian political stream continues to be formidable in Tamilnadu.