Local Governments 11th Political Science Lesson 12 Questions in English
11th Political Science Lesson 12 Questions in English
12] Local Governments
1. Assertion (A): Local government manages services in villages only.
Reasoning(R): The function of local governments is within a specified limited territory.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Local Government means, the government which manages services and amenities in our villages, towns and cities with focus on local problems. The local governments normally functions within a specified limited territory of a village, a town, a city and also a large metropolitan city.
2. The Local government functions between which of these bodies?
a) People and Government
b) Central Government and Local Representatives
c) State Government and Central Government
d) Central Government and Panchayat
Explanation
The local governments function as the basic link between the people in a village or town with the government and when people have problems such as road repairs, water stagnation in the streets, nonfunctioning of street lights and construction of small water bodies recreation parks, etc.
3. State the functions of the Local government.
a) To attend any emergency situations in the locality.
b) Issues certificates to the residents.
c) Responsible for local needs of the people.
d) All the above
Explanation
The local governments have the responsibility to attend to any emergency situations birth or death of persons in the village or town. The local governments are the institutions which issues certificates of proof of residence, birth, death and incomes to the residents in that area. In total, the local governments are the institutions which are responsible for all such local needs of the people.
4. Which is the lowest unit of administration in the Government structure?
a) Townships
b) Municipality
c) District Collectrate
d) Local Government
Explanation
The Local Governments are the lowest unit of administration in the administrative structure of the government.
5. Who is responsible for representing the problems of a village or town?
a) The Member of the Legislative Assembly
b) The State Government
c) The Member of the Parliament
d) Elected council members of the Local government
Explanation
The local government has council, which is normally elected by the people of the village or town concerned, which is responsible for the representing the problems of the citizens in the council and find solutions to the problems. The council representatives are elected once in five years, or four years, depending upon the law in operation in the country.
6. Choose the correct statements.
i) The local government is established on the basis of Democratic process.
ii) The Council of the local government discuss, debate on the problems of the people.
iii) The members of the council are limited only by the fundamental law of the Constitution.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) iii only
d) All the above
Explanation
The local governments are established on the basis of democratic process all the problems discussed by the council of the local governments should go through the process of discussion, debate and deliberations and unanimously accepted by the council. The members of the council are given freedom to discuss and also to take decisions at same time within the framework of the fundamental law of the land called Constitution.
7. Assertion (A): The Local government handles all the problems which are local in nature.
Reasoning(R): The State government can also handle the local problems in the absence of the Local government.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The importance of the local government lies in the nature of the problems handled by the local governments, which are basically “local” in nature and also the variety of problems attended by the local government cannot be attended by the higher levels of the government like state or central governments.
8. How the irrelevant solutions of the local problems affect the people?
a) Wastage of resources.
b) Tax burden to people.
c) Worsen the situation of the problem.
d) All the above
Explanation
An irrelevant solution to the problems may hamper the situation and also it is also concerned with the spending of the taxes collected from the people. If solutions are irrelevant to the local problems, the resources used for that program may by waste and it gives more burden on the people again.
9. Choose the correct statements.
i) The Local government solves the local problems and addresses the local issues.
ii) The Local government consists of elected representatives and the members of the State Government too.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) Both i and ii
d) Neither i nor ii
Explanation
The Local governments are the institutions created for the purposes of solving the local issues and addressing the local level problems. The local governments normally consist of elected representatives drawn from the local population representing the local people and they represent the local issues in the council and try to find solutions to the problems.
10. Which of these bodies handles the Grass root level people?
a) State Government
b) Central Government
c) Local Government
d) All the above
Explanation
The local governments are the important channel of flow of resources and program to the people at the lowest levels normally called “grassroots” level.
11. Which of these developments made the world as Global Village?
a) Information and Communication Technology
b) Transportation
c) Industry Revolution
d) Political thoughts
Explanation
No country today affords to ignore local governments because of the fact that local issues at present become global issues. With development of Information and communication Technology (ICT), the whole world has become global village.
12. How many types of Local governments are classified?
a) 3
b) 4
c) 2
d) 5
Explanation
Local governments are classified as Rural and Urban based local governments.
13. What is the basis of classification in the Local government structure?
a) Population
b) Nature of Occupation of the people
c) Based on the area
d) All the above
Explanation
The Rural and Urban divide is made based on the nature of the occupation of the residents viz; agriculture based or non-agriculture based occupations.
14. What is the agriculture based occupations?
a) Farming
b) Dairying
c) Poultry
d) All the above
Explanation
The agriculture based occupation means that almost or most of the residents of an area are engaged in agriculture related occupation and the nature of the functions normally would be farming, dairying, poultry, and other similar types of activities.
15. What are the occupations of the urban citizens?
a) Industry
b) Trade
c) Business
d) All the above
Explanation
In urban areas the citizens would engaged in industrial, trade and business and other activities.
16. To which of these the local villages are connected by the urban areas?
a) The State Government
b) Outside world
c) The Central Government
d) Another Village
Explanation
The urban areas are the link between the outside worlds to the local villages.
17. The Local government includes,
a) Rural Local government
b) Urban Local government
c) State Government
d) Both a and b
Explanation
The local governments formed in rural and urban areas are called rural local governments and urban local governments respectively.
18. What is the name of the Local government structure in India?
a) Grama Swarajyam
b) Nagara
c) Panchayati Raj
d) Sabha
Explanation
In India, the rural local governments have given general name “Panchayati Raj” which means the system of Panchayat institutions that is the institutions which does the Panchayat, (deliberate, discuss, and deliberate).
19. What is the basis of classification of the urban local government sectors in India?
a) Occupation of the residents
b) Political and economic basis
c) Area of the territory
d) All the above
Explanation
The Urban local governments in India are classified in to various types depending upon the political and economic basis of the formation of the urban local governments such as Municipal Corporations, Townships, Area Planning Committees and Cantonment Boards.
20. What are the classifications of the urban local government in India?
a) Municipal Corporations
b) Municipalities
c) Townships
d) All the above
Explanation
In India the urban local governments are classified into various types such, Municipal Corporations in metropolitan cities, Municipalities in small towns, Townships in industrial towns, Cantonment Boards in military establishments.
21. What is the population criterion for the Municipal Corporations in India?
a) Hundred million
b) One million
c) Ten million
d) Five million
Explanation
The Municipal Corporations are established in metropolitan cities with population with 1 million plus cities, which are large and need elaborate machinery for providing amenities and services to the metropolitan population.
22. What is the cause of increase in the population of Metropolitan cities in India?
a) Agricultural Development
b) Migration of people from rural and town
c) Economic conditions
d) Industry Development
Explanation
The increase in the number of the population in metropolitan cities due to migration of people from rural and other small and medium towns and other metropolitan areas over the years makes these cities mega polis.
23. Which of this Local body structure has population limit of less than one million?
a) Metropolitan
b) Townships
c) Municipalities
d) Cantonment
Explanation
The Municipalities are established in small and medium cities and town with population of less than 1 million.
24. On which basis the Municipalities are reclassified?
a) Area
b) Population
c) Range of Revenue collection
d) Both b and c
Explanation
The Municipalities too are reclassified as Class I, Class –II etc., depending upon the number of the population and also range of the revenue collection.
25. Which of these functions are carried out in the Municipalities by the higher levels of the Government?
a) Reviewing the grades periodically
b) Administration
c) Population census
d) Certificate issue
Explanation
The grades of the Municipalities are reviewed periodically by the higher levels of the governments to facilitate the classification of the municipalities.
26. Which of these local body emerged by the non-farm employment?
a) Townships
b) Notified Area Committees
c) Metropolitan
d) Both a and b
Explanation
The Townships and the Notified Area Committees are emerging urban areas, where the new industries are established the changing occupations of the residents of that area from farm employment to non-farm employment.
27. Which of these are included in the Cantonment Boards?
a) Defense Establishments
b) Defense Industry
c) Military Establishments
d) All the above
Explanation
The Cantonment Boards are established in military establishments, where the defense establishments such as Training institutes for defense personnel, defense industry etc.
28. Assertion (A): Local Governments are the new ideologies developed in the Democratic countries.
Reasoning(R): Rural and Urban are the next level of the Local Government structure.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Local Governments are as old as that of human civilization and in many countries around the world local governments are the foundation upon which the modern state is established.
29. State the problems faced by the local governments of the developed countries.
a) Devolution of Finances
b) Jurisdictional policies
c) Inter-state commerce
d) All the above
Explanation
The question of devolution of finances, the jurisdictional issues in policing, transport and inter-state commerce are some of the pending and irritants in the case of the developed countries.
30. Which of these are the issues in the developing countries?
a) Industrial Development
b) Trade
c) To centralize powers and financial resources.
d) Transport
Explanation
In the developing countries, there is more and more attempt on the part of the central or federal governments to centralize the powers and financial resources.
31. State the constant issue of Indian Central government in state and local governments?
a) Primary Healthcare
b) Administrative and Financial Powers
c) Inter-State issues
d) Transportation
Explanation
In India the constant pressure is being exerted on the central government for more devolution of administrative and financial powers to state as well as local governments
32. In which of these period Ancient India witnessed the rise and fall of republics?
a) Before 100 BCE
b) Between 600 BCE to CE 600
c) After CE 200
d) Between 200 BCE to CE 200
Explanation
In tracing the origin and development of local governments in India, one finds the evidences of the existence of local governments even before the times of Christ (BCE). The period between 600 BCE to C.E. 600 witnessed the rise and fall of republics.
33. How the villages are classified according to the Jain and Buddhists literature?
a) Size
b) Occupation
c) Mode of habitation
d) Both a and c
Explanation
During this period, there emerged Mahavira (founder of Jainism) and Buddha (founder of Buddhism). Villages were classified according to size and mode of habitation in Jain and Buddhists literature.
34. Which of these literature works details the village administration of Mauryans?
a) Mudrarakshasa
b) Arthashastra
c) Sanmatisutra
d) Bharatarnava
Explanation
The religious orders founded by Buddha and Mahavira observed highly democratic procedures in arriving at decisions. Kautilya’s Arthashastra (Treatise) gives a comprehensive account of the system of village administration prevailing in his time in the days of Maurya the village and the district were units of administration.
35. Which of these are not belonging to the historical period in the South Indian peninsula?
a) Chola period
b) Kalabira period
c) Chera period
d) Vijayanagara Empire
Explanation
In the South Indian peninsula, the existence of the local self-governing institutions could be traced well before the period of the Christian calendar. The historical period can be grouped in to early Chola period, Kalabira period, and the later Chola period, the emergence of Vijayanagara empire, entry of Muslims and Moghuls and the British.
36. Which of these periods had little evidence of the local governance in Southern peninsula?
a) Early Chola period
b) Later Chola period
c) Vijayanagara Empire
d) Pandyas
Explanation
There was very little evidence available about the system of local governance in the early Chola Period (which dates back to Before Christ) and the Kalabira Period.
37. Which rulers of ancient South peninsula had a well-developed local self- government structure?
a) Cholas
b) Pandyas
c) Cheras
d) Kalabira
Explanation
There were some account of existence of local governments during the times of Pandyas (rulers of Deep South India) and the Pallavas (rulers of mid-south India). But Cholas (rulers who ruled mid Tamil country) period witnessed a well-developed local self-governments.
38. Utthiramerur inscriptions belong to which of these South Indian King?
a) Karikala Cholan
b) Maravarman Sundara Pandyan
c) Narasimha Pallavan
d) Paranthaka Cholan-I
Explanation
The inscriptions of Paranthaka Chola – I (919.C.E. – 922.C.E) from Utthiramerur in Kanchipuram district of Tamilnadu state, give detailed account of local self-government.
39. Name the village assemblies described in the Utthiramerur inscriptions?
a) Ur, Nadu
b) Nagar, Gramam
c) Ur, Mahasabha
d) Nagar, Nadu
Explanation
The Utthiramerur inscriptions inform that each village had an assembly consisting of all adult males and their involvement in general matters. These assemblies are of two types, the “Ur” and the Mahasabha.
40. Which of these refer to the urban centers of the ancient south Indian structure?
a) Ur
b) Mahasabha
c) Nagaram
d) Nadu
Explanation
The third kind was the nagaram (town) confined to mercantile towns (trading centers) and the fourth was the “nadu”. Hence two types of institutions were mentioned one nadu (village and other areas) and nagaram (urban centers).
41. State some of the functions of Nagaram and Nadu in ancient South Indian peninsula.
a) Regulating land holdings
b) Management of Irrigation works
c) Tax Collection
d) All the above
Explanation
Both “nadu” and “Nagaram” were concerned about the control and regulation of land holdings, management of irrigation works, temples, collection and remission of taxes, floating of loans for capital works and the management of charitable institutions
42. Which of these structures were responsible to execute the Kings order in ancient Tamil Country?
a) Nagaram
b) Ur
c) Sabha
d) Samiti
Explanation
The “ur” and the “Mahasabha” were the two institutions that assisted the officers in executing the orders of the king.
43. Which of these Kings ordered the first Mahasabha to confiscate the property of traitors?
a) Rajendra Chola
b) Raja Raja Chola
c) Karikala Chola
d) Parantaka Chola
Explanation
It has been found that Raja Raja Chola, the First, ordered the “Mahasabha” of the Viranarayana Chaturvedi Mangalam to confiscate the property of traitors.
44. Name the historians strongly accepted the existence of the local government in Ancient South India?
a) Sir Charles Metcalfe
b) Sir George Bird wood
c) Elphinstone
d) All the above
Explanation
Many historians such as Sir Charles Metcalfe, Sir George Bird wood and Elphinstone opined that a strong system of local government existed in Ancient and medieval South India. But doubts are expressed by some of the historians about the elaborate existence of the local self-government in ancient and medieval South India.
45. Which of these kingdoms changed the principles of central and local relationship?
a) Guptas
b) Moghul Kingdom
c) Later Chola Kingdom
d) Vijayanagara Empire
Explanation
During the Moghul period A.D (C.E.) 1500 to A.D (C.E.) 1777), the fundamental principles of central local relationships hardly changed with change of kingdoms.
46. Which of these was not the unit of administration unit in the Mughal Empire?
a) Ur
b) Subha
c) Sarkar
d) Pargana
Explanation
When the Mughal Empire was at its zenith of glory, it was divided into provinces (Subhas), and Provinces into sub divisions (Sarkars), and Sarkars into union of villages (Paraganas). At each level the government is organized and the officials were appointed by the Emperor.
47. Assertion (A): At the end of the Mughal Empire the self-governing institutions were severely damaged.
Reasoning(R): The Rural areas self-government institutions were abolished after the Mughal Empire.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False
Explanation
In the Twilight of the Mughal Empire, the self-governing institutions in rural areas had been severely damaged at vital points, but they had withstood the onslaughts with remarkable tactics.
48. After which of these wars the East India Company derived land taxing rights from the Bengal ruler?
a) Carnatic Wars
b) Talikota War
c) Battle of Plassey
d) Battle of Panipat
Explanation
After the Battle of Plassey in A.D (C.E.) 1757, the British East India Company derived land taxing rights (Diwani rights) from Bengal ruler (Nawab) which was the first step in the ascendency of the British rule in India.
49. Assertion (A): During the British rule in India all the rural and urban trades centers were under the control of Company.
Reasoning(R): The three presidencies under Calcutta, Bombay and Madras were controlled by the East India Company.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The rural and the other urban trading centers during the British East India company rule was not under any control or supervision, except the three Presidency towns of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.
50. Which of these were the king pin in the British administration of rural areas?
a) Townships
b) Districts
c) Villages
d) Municipalities
Explanation
The District administration under the charge of the district collector was the king pin in the British control over vast rural areas.
51. Which was not included as the Municipal corporations under the British rule in India?
a) Delhi
b) Kolkata
c) Mumbai
d) Chennai
Explanation
The important mile stone during the company rule was the establishment of the Municipal Corporations as mentioned earlier at Calcutta (Kolkata), Bombay (Mumbai) and Madras (Chennai).
52. When did Lord Rippon pass a resolution of Local bodies in India?
a) 1888
b) 1856
c) 1889
d) 1882
Explanation
Viceroy Lord Rippon in 1882 brought out a resolution, proposing a smaller unit for constituting rural local boards, a sub division, tehsil (Taluk) and district boards to supervise.
53. Choose the correct statements regarding Lord Rippon’s resolution.
i) Majority of Officials for the local bodies were to be elected periodically.
ii) Nearly 500 rural boards were created with one third majority of non-officials.
iii) The District Magistrate (Collector) nominated the majority non-officials.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) iii only
d) All the above
Explanation
Lord Rippon’s resolution emphasized that the institutions he proposed should have a majority of non-officials who should be elected wherever it was feasible. Nearly 500 rural boards were created with a two third majority of non-officials who depended upon the district magistrate (district collector) for the favor of nomination.
54. Which of these were the important activities of district boards till 1909?
a) Police
b) Village sanitation
c) Education
d) All the above
Explanation
The main activities of the district boards till 1909 were police, public works, education and village sanitation.
55. Assertion (A): The British government appointed a commission to simplify and improve the Local government system in 1907.
Reasoning(R): The rural local government introduced by Lord Rippon faced many criticisms.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The rural local government introduced by Lord Rippon faced many criticisms and in the A.D (C.E.) 1907, the British government appointed a commission to enquire into the question of administrative and financial relations between the Government of India Provincial governments and subordinate authorities under them so as to simplify and improve the prevalent system through devolution or otherwise.
56. Which of these Act entrusted the elected elements of the Provincial government in India?
a) Charter Act of 1833
b) Government of India Act, 1858
c) Government of India Act, 1919
d) Indian Councils Act, 1909
Explanation
With the passing of Government of India Act, 1919, the local governments were entrusted with the elected elements of the provincial government under the diarchy system of government.
57. What was the count of Village bodies in Tamil Nadu in the year 1937?
a) 1417
b) 6250
c) 4580
d) 1340
Explanation
The number of the village bodies in Tamilnadu increased from 1417 in 1926 to 6250 in 1937.
58. How many tier system were followed in the Local bodies?
a) Two tier system
b) Four tier system
c) Three tier system
d) None of the above
Explanation
There are three tier systems of rural local bodies viz; District Boards, Taluk Boards, and Village Boards
59. Which of this appointment were made in the District and Taluk boards after the changes in 1923?
a) District Collector
b) District Magistrate
c) Non-official Chairman
d) Official Chairman
Explanation
The District and Taluk boards have undergone changes by 1923, the non-official chairman in all provinces replaced official chairman.
60. Which party in Tamil Nadu dominated the District Boards before Independence?
a) Congress
b) Justice party
c) Muslim League
d) None of the above
Explanation
In Tamilnadu, most of the District Boards came to be dominated by Justice Party members, which stood at 545 in 1927. From 1937 up to 1947, the rural local authorities faced many challenges including the national freedom movement.
61. Who claimed for the decentralized administrative system in India after Independence?
a) Mahatma Gandhi
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Sardar Vallabhai Patel
d) Bala Gangadhar Tilak
Explanation
After Indian Independence in 1947, an attempt was made to revive local governments in India. Mahatma Gandhi argued for the decentralized administrative system in India entrusting responsibility of governance with the village Panchayat (self-sufficient Gram Swaraj).
62. Who published the blue print of the Gandhian Constitution for free India?
a) B.R.Ambedkar
b) Shrima Narayan
c) J.B.Kirplani
d) B.N.Rau
Explanation
Shrima Naryan with blessings of Gandhi published a blue print of the Gandhian Constitution for Free India wherein Panchayat are the basic institutions for organizing social, economic and political activities of the citizens.
63. What was the main idea of the Gandhian constitution?
a) Self Sufficient Gram Swaraj
b) Increased political roles
c) Resource distribution
d) Increased economic activity
Explanation
In addition to the civic, political and administrative roles, the Panchayat was to play the economic role of organizing production and distributing resources in such a way that the village communities became self- sufficient for meeting most of their basic needs.
64. When the Directive Principles of state Policy was adopted in the Indian Constitution?
a) Nov 26, 1949
b) Dec 11, 1949
c) Jan 25, 1950
d) August 14, 1950
Explanation
Thus Article 40 came to be incorporated in the Constitution, as part of the Directive Principles of the State policy (Part –IV) of the Constitution of India adopted on Nov. 26th 1949.
65. According to Article 40 of the Indian Constitution which of these is responsible to form Village Panchayat?
a) State Government
b) Central Government
c) People
d) All the above
Explanation
The Art. 40. States that, “the state shall take steps to organize village Panchayat and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government”
66. When a Community development program was launched focusing the Socio-economic transformations of villages in India?
a) 1950
b) 1965
c) 1952
d) 1957
Explanation
In compliance with the provisions of the Directive Principles of the State Policy, an ambitious rural sector initiative, the Community Development Program was launched in 1952 with main focus of securing social- economic transformations of village through people’s own democratic and cooperative organizations with the government.
67. How many subjects were divided under the diarchy system?
a) 5
b) 3
c) 4
d) 2
Explanation
The diarchy system entries that the subjects of the administration had been divided into reserved subjects and transferred subjects.
68. Which of these subjects are not under the control of the Governor?
a) Police
b) Law and Order
c) Education
d) Finance
Explanation
The police, law and order, finance are the reserved subjects, which will be under the Governor and other subjects like education and other as mentioned earlier will be entrusted to the elected representatives.
69. Which of these Five year plan recommended the organization control of Village Panchayat?
a) First five year plan
b) Third Five year plan
c) Second Five year plan (1956-61)
d) Fifth Five year plan
Explanation
In 1956, under the Second Five Year Plan, (1956-1961), it was recommended that village Panchayat should organically link with popular organizations at higher levels and in stages, the popular body should take over the whole administration.
70. Which committee was formed by the Government of India in the year 1957?
a) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee
b) Ashok Mehta Committee
c) G.V.K Rao Committee
d) L.M.Singhvi Committee
Explanation
In 1957, Government of India appointed a Committee on Plan Projects under the Chairmanship of Balwant Rai Mehta.
71. Assertion (A): The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee recommended the decentralized administration under the Local bodies.
Reasoning(R): An Elected Panchayat Union will operate as a fulcrum for the developmental activities in that territory.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The Mehta Committee recommended two points namely, the administration should be decentralized and the administration should be placed under the control of local bodies. Secondly, the community development blocks should be designed as administrative democratic units with an elected Panchayat Union to operate as a fulcrum of developmental activity in the area.
72. Who were not included in the District Development Councils recommended by the Balwant Rai Mehta Committee?
a) Member of Parliament
b) District Collector
c) Panchayat Union President
d) Chief Minister of the State
Explanation
It also recommended for the formation of District Development Councils (Zilla Parishad) at the district level consisting of all the Presidents of the Panchayat Unions (Samities), Member of legislative assemblies and Members of Parliament with district level officers of the public health, agriculture, Veterinary and education departments as members and the collector as the chairman. The district body is only an advisory body.
73. Assertion (A): The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee recommendations were criticized by most of the leaders.
Reasoning(R): Only 50% of the population was covered by the Panchayat Raj bodies in the 1960’s.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The recommendation of the Mehta Committee was generally welcomed and Panchayati Raj legislations were enacted and by 1960s about 90 per cent of the populations were covered by the Panchayati Raj bodies.
74. When did the Government of India form the Ashok Mehta Committee?
a) 1967
b) 1959
c) 1977
d) 1973
Explanation
In 1977, the Government of India formed a committee under the chairmanship of Ashoka Mehta to go in to the working of the Panchayati Raj bodies and suggest measures to strengthen it.
75. What was the first recommendation of the Ashok Mehta Committee?
a) To discharge municipal regulatory functions.
b) To Increase the Economic activities under the Local bodies.
c) To decentralize the administration.
d) To set up District Panchayat as the directly elected body.
Explanation
It recommended that Panchayati Raj should emerge as the system of democratic local government, discharging developmental, municipal and ultimate regulatory functions. Hence the first recommendation was to set up district Panchayat (Zilla Parishad) as the directly elected body.
76. Choose the correct statements.
i) The Ashok Mehta Committee recommended the abolition of the Panchayat union at the block level.
ii) It also recommended a nominated middle level support unit for the District Development Council temporarily.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) Both i and ii
d) Neither i nor ii
Explanation
As a temporary arrangement, the committee recommended continuation of the Panchayat union at the block level. Not as a unit of local self- government but as a nominated middle level support arm for the District Development Council.
77. Which of these Indian States does not introduced amendments in the Panchayat Acts by the Ashok Mehta Committee?
a) Karnataka
b) Telangana
c) West Bengal
d) Gujarat
Explanation
The Ashoka Mehta Committee submitted its report in 1978, which was well received and led many states to introduce appropriate amendments in their Panchayat Acts such Karnataka, Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and Gujarat.
78. Which of these Committees were not involved in the local self-Government Institutions?
a) C.H.Hanumantha Rao Committee
b) C.Rangarajan Committee
c) G.V.K Rao Committee
d) L.M.Singhvi Committee
Explanation
A number of committees were formed between 1978 and 1986, to look into various aspects of strengthening the local self-government institutions, such as, C.H.Hanumantha Rao Committee, G.V.K Rao Committee and L.M.Singhvi Committee.
79. In which year the 64th and 65th Amendment bills were introduced?
a) 1978
b) 1981
c) 1989
d) 1983
Explanation
The land mark was the introduction of 64th and 65th Constitutional Amendment Bills, in July 1989 by Rajiv Gandhi government, which could not be passed in the Council of States (Rajya Sabha).
80. Which of these Amendments was passed by the Indian Parliament in the year 1993?
a) 62nd and 63rd Amendment Bills
b) 70th and 71st Amendment Bills
c) 66th and 67th Amendment Bills
d) 73rd and 74th Amendment Bills
Explanation
After many attempts, in 1992, incorporating important features of earlier exercises on this subject, government drafted and introduced the73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment bills in Parliament in 1992 which was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1993.
81. Which of these Articles were introduced by the 73rd and 74th Amendments in the Indian Constitution?
a) Article 300A
b) Article 370
c) Article 243 to 243 ZG
d) Article 242 to 245
Explanation
The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments introduced new parts IX and IXA in the Indian Constitution containing Articles 243to 243 ZG.
82. Which of this Article suggest a three tier Panchayat system in State and Union territories under 73rd Amendment Bill?
a) Article 243 A
b) Article 243 C
c) Article 243 G
d) Article 243 B
Explanation
Article 243 B of the Constitution which was inserted into the Constitution under the 73rd Constitutional Amendment, envisages that states and union territories except those with population not exceeding 20 lakhs, will have to constitute a three tier system of Panchayat ie, village, intermediate and district levels.
83. Who specifies the territorial area of the village Panchayat by a public notification?
a) The President
b) The Governor of the State
c) The Ministry of the State
d) The Panchayat President
Explanation
The territorial area of a village Panchayat can be specified by a public notification by the Governor of the state, and may consist of more than one village.
84. Assertion (A): The Governor of the state specifies the area of a Village, Taluk or Block by a public notification.
Reasoning(R): The State can flexibly constitute the Panchayat at the lower and the middle levels.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The intermediate level which can be a Taluk or Block is also to be specified by the Governor through a public notification in this regard. This provides a certain amount of flexibility to the States in constituting Panchayat at the lower and middle levels.
85. Which Schedule of the Indian Constitution provided the functions of the Panchayat at three levels?
a) 9th Schedule
b) 10th Schedule
c) 11th Schedule
d) 12th Schedule
Explanation
A new schedule, Eleventh Schedule was inserted in to the Constitution of India, which provided for obligatory and discretionary functions of the Panchayat at three levels.
(a) The Village Level
(b) The District Panchayat at the district level
(c) The Intermediate Panchayat which stands between the village and district Panchayats in the states where the population is above 20 lakhs
86. Choose the correct statements.
i) All the seats in the Panchayat shall be filled by the directly nominated people from the territorial constituencies.
ii) The Grama Sabha electorate consists of persons registered in the electoral rolls within the area of a Panchayat.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) Both i and ii
d) Neither i nor ii
Explanation
All the seats in a Panchayat shall be filled by persons by direct election from territorial constituencies in the Panchayat area. The electorate is named as “Gram sabha” consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of a Panchayat.
87. Which of these personalities are elected according to the law of a State?
a) The Panchayat Chairperson
b) The Members of the Union
c) The Chairperson of the District Panchayat
d) All the above
Explanation
The Chairperson of each Panchayat shall be elected according to the law passed by a State and such State law shall also provide for the representation of Chairpersons of Village and Intermediate Panchayat in the District Panchayat, as well as members of the Union and State legislature in the Panchayat above the village level.
88. State the correct statements.
i) The Members of the Parliament and Legislative Assemblies participate in the Panchayat Union Councils.
ii) The Amendment Act also provided reservation of seats for SC& ST women not less than two third of the total seats.
iii) The Panchayat tenure shall be four years.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) iii only
d) All the above
Explanation
The new Amendment Act provided for participation of Members of Parliament and Members of Legislative Assemblies in the Panchayat Union Councils and also in the District Panchayat. The Amendment Act also provided reservation of seats in the three tiers for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and not less than one third of the total seats for women. The tenure of the Panchayat shall be five years.
89. Assertion (A): The Eleventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution deals with the responsibilities of the Panchayat.
Reasoning(R): The eligible person for a State legislature shall be qualified to be chosen member of a Panchayat.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The law provides that any person who is eligible to be elected to the state legislature shall be qualified to be chosen as a member of a Panchayat. The responsibilities of the Panchayat are clearly laid down in the Eleventh Schedule.
90. According to which of these Amendments the local authorities were treated as Government or State?
a) 72nd Constitutional Amendment
b) 75th Constitutional Amendment
c) 63rd Constitutional Amendment
d) 73rd Constitutional Amendment
Explanation
Consequent to the 73rd Constitutional Amendment as well as the Supreme Court’s rulings which effectively mandate that local authorities are also to be treated as “Government or state”, The Panchayat that have acquired substantial legitimacy are recognized as an instrument of the Government and have created participatory structure of grass roots democracy for the rural people.
91. Which of these institutions give stability and permanency for the Local body governance?
a) The Lok Sabha
b) The State Election Commission
c) The Rajya Sabha
d) The State Legislative Assembly
Explanation
Creation of constitutional bodies like the State Election Commissions and the State Finance Commissions has also given permanency and stability to these institutions.
92. State some of the core functions of the Panchayat as the State agencies.
a) Rural Sanitation
b) Primary Education
c) Provision of drinking water
d) All the above
Explanation
Most Panchayat continue to be treated as agencies of the state for implementation of prescribed schemes, even though essential services such as provision of drinking water, rural sanitation, preventive health and primary education are accepted as their legitimate core functions.
93. Which of this administration has a representative government?
a) The Union
b) The District
c) The Village
d) All the above
Explanation
In order to make local administration more responsive transparent and accountable to citizens there is a need to have a representative government not only in the Union and States but also at the District and Village levels with an equitable division of functions among them.
94. In which of this State the Panchayat Raj was initiated in the year 1959?
a) Bihar
b) Gujarat
c) Rajasthan
d) Madhya Pradesh
Explanation
Panchayati Raj (1959 – 2009): Golden Jubilee Year – on 2nd October 1959, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru laid the foundation of Panchayati Raj in Nagaur, Rajasthan , the most revolutionary step in the context of governance of rural India.
95. State the advisory body of the local governance.
a) Village Panchayat
b) District Panchayat
c) Panchayat Union Council
d) Grama Sabha
Explanation
District Panchayat (Elected and nominated), Panchayat Union Councils (Elected), Village Panchayat (Elected), Gram Sabha (All Voters in a village) (Advisory Body)
96. Which of these bodies were constituted in the urban areas under the 74th Constitutional Amendment?
a) District Panchayat
b) Municipal bodies
c) Townships
d) Zilla Parishad
Explanation
Under the 74th Constitutional Amendment, the urban areas comprise different types of municipal bodies constituted with reference to character, size and importance of different towns and cities.
97. Which year Cantonment Act owe the origin of the Cantonment Boards?
a) 1924
b) 1919
c) 1935
d) 1942
Explanation
Municipal Corporations, Municipal Committees, Notified Area Committees, Town Area Committees, and Cantonment Boards are the usual types of municipal bodies and while the first four types were created under the state municipal laws, the Cantonment Boards owed their origin to the Central Act called the Cantonments Act, 1924.
98. Which of these was abolished and converted as Class-III Municipal Committees in the urban local bodies of State?
a) Notified Area Committees
b) Town Area Committees
c) Municipal Committees
d) Municipal Corporations
Explanation
In most of the states, all these types of urban local bodies existed except the Town Area Committees, which had since been abolished and converted into class – III Municipal Committees.
99. What is other term for defining the Town Area committees?
a) Higher Village Committees
b) Semi Municipal Committees
c) Mini Municipal Committees
d) None of the above
Explanation
Town Area Committees were semi municipal committees constituted for small towns by a separate act of the state legislative assembly.
100. In which year the Government of India notified the 74th Amendment Act?
a) 1992
b) 1990
c) 1993
d) 1994
Explanation
After passing the Constitution (74th Amendment) Act, 1992, the Government of India notified the Amendment in June 1993.
101. What was the time period given the States to modify and amend the 1992 Act?
a) 6 months
b) 3 months
c) 2 years
d) 1 year
Explanation
The Act of 1992 provided for a period of one year from the date of its commencement, the states were required to change amend or modify their legislations in order to incorporate the Central Amendment.
102. In which of these days the Grama Sabha meetings are not held in a year?
a) Republic Day
b) Independence Day
c) Gandhi Jayanthi
d) National Flag Day
Explanation
The Grama Sabha meetings are held four times in a year that is January 26 (Republic Day), May 01 (May Day), August 15 (Independence Day) and October 02 (Gandhi Jayanthi).
103. When the Punjab Municipal Bill was enacted replacing the Punjab Municipal Act?
a) 1911
b) 1994
c) 1998
d) 1992
Explanation
The Punjab government enacted the Punjab Municipal Bill, 1998 to replace the Punjab Municipal Act, 1911.
104. Which of these were not in the three tier structure proposed by the 74th Constitutional Amendment?
a) Nagar Panchayat
b) Municipalities
c) Grama Sabha
d) Municipal Corporations
Explanation
A three tier structure of urban local bodies was proposed in the 74th Constitutional Amendment act namely, Nagar Panchayat or Town Panchayat, Municipalities and Municipal Corporations.
105. Which of this local body is constituted for a transitional area?
a) Nagar Panchayat
b) Townships
c) Municipality
d) City
Explanation
A Nagar Panchayat or Town Panchayat is constituted for a transitional area, an area in transition from a rural area to an urban area. The population of such an area is 5000 or more but less than 15,000 and the revenue generated from tax and sources exceeds such amount per capita per annum as many are specified by the government from time to time.
106. Choose the Incorrect statements regarding the Town Panchayat.
i) As per the state government rules a Town Panchayat shall consist of elected members not less than 9 or not more than 15.
ii) Two members nominated by the state government having special knowledge or experience in municipal administration.
iii) The nominated members have the right to vote in the Town Panchayat meetings.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) iii only
d) All the above
Explanation
A Town Panchayat shall consist of such number of elected members not less than 9 or not more than 15, as the state government may determine by rules. The members of the legislative assembly representing the constituencies comprising transitional area or any part of thereof, and two members nominated by the state government from amongst persons having special knowledge or experience in municipal administration. The nominated members shall not have the right to vote in the Town Panchayat meetings. The term of a Town Panchayat shall be 5 years.
107. How the Town Panchayat area is divided to elect the members?
a) Firkha
b) Taluks
c) Wards
d) Zonal
Explanation
The government shall divide a transitional area (town panchayat area) in to a number of territorial constituencies known as wards and each ward shall elect only one member
108. Which of this category will not enjoy the reservations in the Town Panchayat elections?
a) Women
b) Scheduled Castes
c) Economically weaker section
d) Scheduled Tribes
Explanation
Out of the total number of seats in Town Panchayat to be filled by direct election, seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in the same proportion of the population of SCs and STs to the total population of that town panchayat area. In addition, one third of the total number of seats of that area is reserved for women, including the seats reserved for SCs and STs.
109. How the Executive officer for the town panchayat is appointed?
a) Direct election
b) Selected among the members
c) State government appointment
d) Nominated by the Governor
Explanation
The town panchayat members shall be elected from amongst its members, One President and one Vice President in a meeting convened by the Deputy Commissioner. Every Town Panchayat shall perform obligatory functions such as water supply, drainage, clearing the streets etc. Every town panchayat shall have an executive officer appointed by the state government.
110. State the population criteria for a Municipal Council?
a) Small urban area
b) Min 15,000 population
c) Less than 3 lakhs population
d) All the above
Explanation
A Municipal Council or municipality is constituted for a small urban area with a population of 15,000 or more but is less than 3 lakhs and the revenue generated from the tax and other sources exceeds such amount per capita per annum as may be specified by state government from time to time.
111. Match the population count for the Municipality grade.
A. Class A i) less than 50,000
B. Class B ii) 50,000 – less than one lakh
C. Class C iii) 1 lakh or more
a) i, iii, ii
b) ii, i, iii
c) iii, ii, i
d) i, ii, iii
Explanation
112. Choose the correct statements regarding the members of Municipal Council.
i) The State Legislative Assembly members within the Municipal area are the Ex-officio members of the Council.
ii) Three members are nominated by the State government.
iii) The Nominated members do not have the right to vote in Chairpersons elections.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) iii only
d) All the above
Explanation
The members of State Legislative Assembly representing the constituencies lying within the municipal area are “Ex-Officio” members of the Municipal Council. Not more than 3 members are nominated by the state government. The nominated members do not have the right to vote in the elections of the chairpersons and vice chairpersons. The members are elected through secret ballot.
113. Assertion (A): The ward candidates contesting in the Municipal elections are allotted symbols.
Reasoning(R): The Recognized political parties’ symbols are not allotted to any candidates contesting in municipal elections.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The whole municipal area is divided into wards, as per the number of councilors to be elected, say 15 or 30 or 10. The electoral rolls of the legislative assembly in relation to municipal area are generally taken as the voters list. The candidates contesting in the elections are allotted symbols. The symbols of the recognized political parties are allotted only to the candidates sponsored or adopted by them.
114. What is the minimum duration to hold the election of President and Vice-President after the Municipal Elections?
a) 30 days
b) 15 days
c) 20 days
d) 14 days
Explanation
The Deputy Commissioner has to call the meeting of the elected members within 14 days of the notification of the election results to administer the Oath of office and to hold the election of the President and Vice-President.
115. Which of these Amendments provide the constitution of ward committees?
a) 70th Amendment Act
b) 74th Amendment Act
c) 72nd Amendment Act
d) 73rd Amendment Act
Explanation
The 74th Amendment provides the constitution of ward committees consisting of one or more wards within the territorial area of a Municipality, having a population of 3 lakhs or more. A member of a Municipality representing a ward with in the territorial area of the ward committee shall be a member of the ward committee.
116. Who are the members of the Standing Committees for each Municipality?
a) The President
b) 4 members if Class-A / 2 members if Class-B
c) Vice President
d) All the above
Explanation
The Standing Committees shall be constituted for each Municipality consisting of the President, senior Vice-President, and Vice president and 4 other members in the case of Class- A, 2 in the case of Class-B from among the elected members for a period of 2 and half years.
117. Assertion (A): The Office term for a Municipality is five years.
Reasoning(R): The Elected Municipality cannot be dissolved before the office tenure.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The term of office of Municipality is five years. The elected municipality can be dissolved if it is not performing as per the provisions of law.
118. The Municipal Council meets for _______ presided over by the President.
a) Once in a year
b) Once in a week
c) Once in a month
d) Every week
Explanation
The Municipal Council meets at least once in a month, presided over by the President or in his/her absence Vice- President.
119. How many types of sub-committees are formed for a Municipal Council?
a) 3
b) 2
c) 5
d) 10
Explanation
The Municipal Council with the increasing load of work, elects subcommittees comprising councilors from amongst itself to study a problem in depth and make recommendation for its solution. The sub committees are of two types’ statutory committees and, non-statutory committees.
120. Assertion (A): The Municipal body appoints special sub-committees for specific purposes.
Reasoning(R): A special procedure is followed for electing the members of the special sub-committees.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Municipal bodies also appoint special sub committees for certain specific purposes and follow the same procedure for their election as it adopts the constitution of standing sub committees.
121. Which of these appointments are made within one month of the constitution of Municipal Council?
a) The President
b) Nominated members
c) Ward Members
d) Sub-committee members
Explanation
A Municipal Council elects its President from amongst members within one month of the constitution of Municipal Council.
122. How many Vice-Presidents are elected for a Municipal Council?
a) One
b) Two
c) Five
d) Either a or b
Explanation
The Municipal Council is constituted after elections are held. The President is elected for a period of 5 years. The Municipal Council also elects one or two Vice- Presidents.
123. State the responsibilities of the Presidents of the Municipalities.
i) The President convenes and presides over the meeting of the Municipal Council.
ii) The President is the chief spokesperson of the Municipal Council.
iii) He/She represents all official functions with regard to correspondence with the State government.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) iii only
d) All the above
Explanation
The Presidents of the municipalities in various states draw monthly salary in addition to travelling allowance. The President convenes and presides over the meeting of the Municipal Council. He / She is empowered to take disciplinary action against offending councilors. The President is the chief spokesperson of the Municipal Council and represents it at official functions and also with regard to correspondence with the government.
124. Who is the principal executive authority of the Municipal Council?
a) The President
b) The Executive Officer
c) The Vice-President
d) The Senior Vice-President
Explanation
The state government in every municipality appoints an Executive Officer. The Executive Officer is the principal executive authority and all municipal staff is sub-ordinate to him/her. He/ She is the important officer to execute, supervise monitor and report the activities of the Municipalities to the council.
125. What are the responsibilities of a Municipal Council?
a) Time of council meetings
b) The manner of giving notices
c) The conduct of meetings
d) All the above
Explanation
The Municipal Council is the governing body of the Municipality, responsible for Municipal Administration. It makes bylaws the governing place and time of council meetings, the manner of giving notices, and the conduct of meetings.
126. Which schedule of the Indian constitution deals with the powers and responsibilities of Municipalities?
a) 9th Schedule
b) 10th Schedule
c) 12th Schedule
d) 11th Schedule
Explanation
The powers and responsibilities of municipalities are enshrined in the Twelfth Schedule of the Constitution.
127. Which of these prepare a draft development plan for a district?
a) District Planning Committee
b) Township Committee
c) Standing Committee
d) Sub-Committee
Explanation
The 74th Constitutional Amendment provided the constitution of committee for district planning, to prepare a draft development plan for the district as a whole. The Committee shall consolidate the plans prepared by the panchayat and municipalities in the district.
128. How many members are elected for the District Planning Committee by the 1992 Act?
a) 1/3rd of total members
b) 1/4th of total members
c) 3/4th of total members
d) 4/5th of total members
Explanation
The composition of the District Planning Committee as provided in the Act of 1992 consists of that not less than 4/5th of the total members of the committee. They shall be elected by and from amongst the elected members of the Panchayat at the district level and of the municipalities in the district, in proportion to the ratio between the population of the rural areas and of the urban areas in the district.
129. Assertion (A): The Municipalities can levy taxes, duties and fees to perform its functions.
Reasoning(R): The Municipalities have been provided with the power to raise revenue for discharging its duties.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False
Explanation
The Municipalities have been provided with the power to raise revenue for discharging its duties and performing its functions such as the taxes, duties and fees which could be levied and collected by the Municipalities.
130. Which of these recommendations are made by the State Finance Commission?
a) To improve the financial position of the municipalities.
b) Allocation of share between the municipalities.
c) Determination of taxes, duties tolls and fees
d) All the above
Explanation
The State Finance Commission shall make recommendations regarding:
(i) Distribution between the state government and municipalities of the net proceeds of taxes, duties, tolls and fees to be assigned or appropriated by the state;
(ii) Allocation of share of such proceeds between the municipalities at all levels in the states;
(iii) Determination of taxes, duties tolls and fees to be assigned or appropriated by the municipalities;
(iv) Grants-in-aid to fund the state;
(v) Measures needed to improve the financial position of the municipalities.
131. Assertion (A): The Municipalities undertake specifically assigned functions by respective state legislative enactments.
Reasoning(R): The part of the state government is increasing to take over more local functions either directly or by creating special purpose agencies.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False
Explanation
Municipalities in our country undertake only such functions which have been specifically assigned to them by respective state legislative enactments. This restrictive approach to municipal functions no longer and holds good in the changed political context and needs of the country. There has been increasing tendency on the part of the state government to take over more and more local functions either directly or by creating special purpose agencies.
132. Which of these constitute the highest form of urban local government sector in India?
a) Metropolitan
b) Municipal Corporation
c) Municipality
d) Town Panchayat
Explanation
The Municipal Corporations constitute the highest or the top most form of urban local government in India. They are created for big cities by the enactments of the State Legislatures or of the Parliament in the case of Union Territory.
133. On which basis the cities are classified in various categories?
a) Population
b) Area
c) Revenue
d) All the above
Explanation
The various categories of the cities are determined by its population, area or revenues. Municipal Corporations in the early period were established in three Presidency towns viz; Bombay, Madras and Calcutta.
134. The weaker sections reservation in the Municipal Corporation is based on,
a) The Panchayat Raj system
b) 71st Amendment Act
c) 11th Schedule of the Indian Constitution
d) Proportion to the population of the territory
Explanation
A Municipal Corporation is based on the democratic principle of management of local affairs by the representatives of the people of the city concerned, who are to be elected periodically on the basis of universal adult franchise with reservation of seats for SCs and STs in proportion to their population and also for women.
135. Choose the Incorrect statements.
i) The Corporation council constitutes the deliberative wing of the Corporation.
ii) The Standing Committee functions as an auxiliary of the Corporations.
iii) The Corporation council consists of nominated members only.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) iii only
d) All the above
Explanation
The Municipal Corporation is marked by statutory separation of deliberative and executive wings. The Corporation Council and the Standing Committees constituted the deliberative wing and the executive wing. The Council, consisting of elected representatives and a few nominated members, is responsible for the exercise of legislative powers. The Standing Committees function as an auxiliary of the Corporations.
136. Who recommends the proposals in the Corporations?
a) The Standing Committee
b) The Mayor
c) The Ward Committee members
d) The Municipal Commissioner
Explanation
All the matters to be passed by the council pass through it after it considers the proposals and recommendation made by the Municipal Commissioner.
137. Assertion (A): The Municipal Commissioner is the chief executive of the Council.
Reasoning(R): The office tenure for the Municipal Corporation is three years.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The Municipal Commissioner is the chief executive and implementing the decisions taken by the council. The tenure of the Municipal Corporation is 5 years.
138. Which is the basic pattern for the Municipal Corporations in India?
a) Madras Municipal Corporation
b) Kolkata Municipal Corporation
c) Bombay Municipal Corporation
d) All the above
Explanation
Municipal Corporations in India are generally structured on the pattern of Bombay Municipal Corporation.
139. Assertion (A): Ward committees shall be considered for only one ward within the territory area of Corporation.
Reasoning(R): The Chairperson of the corporation shall be elected for four years and not eligible for Re-election.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The 74th Amendment provides wards committees, which shall be considered for one or more wards within the territorial areas of the Corporation. The chairperson of the Corporation shall be elected for one year and shall be eligible for re – election.
140. Which of these are not included in the functions of a Ward committee?
a) Supervising water supply and sewage and drainage.
b) Provision of Health immunization.
c) Census Report
d) Civic services
Explanation
A ward committee supervises provision of water supply, pipes and sewage, drainage connections to premises removal of accumulated water on streets or public places due to rain or other, collection and removal of solid waste, provision of health immunization, services for the civic services in slum and lighting, repair of roads, maintenance parks drains etc.,.
141. Which of these members are included in the Municipal Corporation Standing Committee?
a) The Mayor
b) The Senior Deputy Mayor
c) Elected Councilors among the members of Corporation
d) All the above
Explanation
A Municipal Corporation shall have a Standing Committee constituted by it, consisting of Mayor, the senior deputy Mayor and other councilors elected by the councilors of the Corporation from amongst the members. The Mayor shall be the chairperson of the Standing Committee. The Municipal Corporation also constitutes committees to deal with subject matters such as water supply, sewage etc., Each subject committee shall consist of not less than three and not more than five members.
142. Which of this Schedule of Indian Constitution provides the functions performed by the Municipal Corporations?
a) 10th Schedule
b) 11th Schedule
c) 9th Schedule
d) 12th Schedule
Explanation
A list of 18 functions to be performed by Municipal Corporations has been given in the 12th Schedule of the Constitution.
143. The Metropolitan planning committee,
a) Provided by the 74th Amendment Act
b) Elected members by and from the Municipalities.
c) Has not less than 2/3rd of members.
d) All the above
Explanation
The 74th Amendment Act also provided for a committee planning metropolitan area. The Committee consists of not less than 2/3rd of the members who shall be elected by and from the elected members of the Municipalities and chairpersons of the Panchayats in the metropolitan area in proportion to the ratio between the population of Municipalities and of the Panchayats in that area.
144. State the procedure of electing Mayor for the Municipal Corporations.
a) Directly elected by the voters.
b) Elected from the elected councilors.
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b
Explanation
All Municipal Corporations are provided with the office of the Mayor and Deputy Mayor. Mayor in some states are directly elected by all the voters with in the metro city. In some states, Mayor is elected from amongst the elected councilors.
145. Assertion (A): The Mayor is empowered to expel or suspend any members for misconduct or disorderly behavior.
Reasoning(R): The Mayor cannot cast his/her vote in any condition.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False
Explanation
The Mayor presides over council meetings, guide its deliberations to maintain decorum and exclude any objectionable portion from the record of the proceedings of the council. He/She is also empowered to expel and even suspend members for gross misconduct or disorderly behavior. In case of a tie he/she exercises his /her casting vote.
146. State the Incorrect statements regarding the Municipal Commissioner.
i) The Municipal Commissioner is the Chief executive officer of the Corporation.
ii) The Commissioner is appointed from officers in IAS cadre.
iii) The office tenure of Commissioner is four years which cannot be extended.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) iii only
d) All the above
Explanation
The Municipal Commissioner is the chief executive officer of the Corporation. Normally the commissioner is being appointed from officers in I.A.S (Indian Administrative Service) cadre. The commissioner’s appointment vested in the state government, has been a subject of great controversy. The term of the commissioner is three years, which can be extended by the state government. He/she is one of the statutory municipal authorities to carry out the provisions of the Corporation Act.
147. Which of these were established under the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments in Tamil Nadu?
a) State Finance Commission
b) State Election Commission
c) Zilla Parishad
d) None of the above
Explanation
The Tamilnadu State Election Commission established under the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments, gives a brief account of the status of local government in the state of Tamilnadu.
148. Which of these aspects were included in the rural local bodies in Tamil Nadu as per the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act?
a) Formation of three tier panchayat.
b) Reservation for weaker sections.
c) Formation of Grama Sabha.
d) All the above
Explanation
As stated by the Tamilnadu State Election Commission, under the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act (Rural Local Bodies) the government of Tamilnadu as a constitutional obligation has taken into account important points including: formation of Gram Sabha in every village with powers of general supervision over the elected village Panchayat and the power to grant approval to the annual plans of the Panchayats; formation of three tier Panchayats ,District Panchayats, Panchayat Unions and Village Panchayats made obligatory; reservation of seats for weaker sections of society like SCs, STs and Women;
149. Who is responsible for allotting the government funds for the local bodies as per the 73rd Amendment Act?
a) Union Finance Commission
b) Finance Minister of the State
c) The Governor
d) State Finance Commission
Explanation
As stated by the Tamilnadu State Election Commission, under the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act (Rural Local Bodies) powers to impose taxes and provision for grants, assignments etc., from government funds through constitution of a State Finance Commission.
150. How many district Panchayats are available in Tamil Nadu?
a) 53
b) 31
c) 28
d) 12
Explanation
The State of Tamilnadu has 12,564 village Panchayats, 388 panchayat unions and 31 district Panchayats.
151. Which of these provisions were not provided by the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act?
a) Extending the office tenure
b) Reservation of seats for SC, ST and Women
c) Uniform composition of urban bodies
d) Regular conduct of elections
Explanation
Under the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, devolution of more functions and taxing powers; revenue sharing with state governments; regular conduct of elections; reservation of seats for SCs and STs and for women; uniform composition of the urban bodies throughout the country were provided.
152. Which year act was replaced by the Tamil Nadu Panchayat Act, 1994 by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment?
a) Tamil Nadu Panchayats Act, 1990
b) Tamil Nadu Panchayats Act, 1958
c) Tamil Nadu Panchayats Act, 1975
d) Tamil Nadu Panchayats Act, 1969
Explanation
Following 73rd constitutional amendment the Tamilnadu Panchayats Act was passed in 1994, which replaced the earlier Tamilnadu Panchayats Act, 1958.
153. State the key aspects of the Tamil Nadu Panchayat Act Amendment, 1996?
a) District Planning Committee
b) State Election Commission
c) State Finance Commission
d) All the above
Explanation
The Tamilnadu Panchayat Act, 1994 was amended in 1996. The Act of 1996 provided as far as Panchayat are concerned: to plan for their developmental needs, constitution of District Planning Committee; constitution of State Election Commission and constitution of State Finance Commission
154. Which year Act enabled to elect for the three tier local government in Tamil Nadu?
a) 1992 Act
b) 2000 Act
c) 1994 Act
d) 1998 Act
Explanation
In the first elections under the 1994 Act, 1, 17,000 representatives were elected for the three different tiers of local government across Tamilnadu.
155. In which of these years the rural local body election was not conducted in Tamil Nadu?
a) 2011
b) 1993
c) 2006
d) 2001
Explanation
As far as urban local bodies are concerned, the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, paved the way for setting up urban local bodies in various states. Elections were held to the rural and urban local bodies in Tamilnadu in 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011.
156. State the issues faced in executing the amendments in the state urban local bodies?
a) Reclassification of the capacity levels.
b) Village court maintenance.
c) Functions related to state government departments.
d) All the above
Explanation
Taking into account the capacities of the levels of government and the line of control, throughout government apparatus should be considered and reclassification of list is needed. Second, maintenance of village courts is also an important issue, where the policing is state wise centralized, which cannot entrusted practically to the local governments. Third, urban local bodies are entrusted with many functions out of which many of them are connection with the state government departments.
157. How long the tenure of local bodies is extended by the Tamil Nadu Panchayat Amendments in 2018?
a) 1 year
b) 6 months
c) 2 years
d) 3 months
Explanation
The Tamilnadu Municipal Laws (Fourth Amendment) Bill, 2018 and the Tamilnadu Panchayat (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018 is for extending the tenure of the special officers of the urban and rural local bodies for a period of six more months.
158. Assertion (A): All the states in India have enacted the Panchayat amendments and operating successfully in India.
Reasoning(R): The main objectives of the 73rd and 74th Amendments have been realized successfully in India.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
In addition, much state government even after enacting the amendments and ratified them, have not put in to operation many provisions, because of the issues mentioned above. Unless these issues are resolved, the objectives for which the 73rd and 74th amendments were made, could not realized.
159. Match the urban bodies of Tamil Nadu
A. Municipal Corporations i) 146
B. Town Panchayat ii) 15
C. Municipalities iii) 561
a) i, ii, iii
b) iii, i, ii
c) ii, iii, i
d) i, iii, ii
Explanation
There are 15 Municipal Corporations, 146 Municipalities and 561 Town Panchayat in Tamilnadu as urban local bodies.
160. Which is the 15th Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu?
a) Avadi
b) Dindigul
c) Hosur
d) Vellore
Explanation
The Avadi special grade municipality in Tiruvallur district has been upgraded as a Municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu on March 9, 2019.