Biodiversity and its conservation Online Test 12th Science Questions
Biodiversity and its conservation Online Test 12th Science Questions
Biodiversity and its conservation Online Test 12th Science Questions
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Question 1 of 85
1. Question
In which year the UN earth summit defined the Biodiversity?
Correct
The 1992 UN Earth Summit defined Biodiversity as the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part. This includes diversity within species, between species and ecosystems of a region.
Incorrect
The 1992 UN Earth Summit defined Biodiversity as the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part. This includes diversity within species, between species and ecosystems of a region.
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Question 2 of 85
2. Question
Which of these are not related to the Biodiversity?
Correct
Biodiversity reflects the number of different organisms and their relative frequencies in an ecological system and constitutes the most important functional component of a natural ecosystem. It helps to maintain ecological processes, create soil, recycle nutrients, influence climate, degrade waste and control diseases. It provides an index of health of an ecosystem. The survival of human race depends on the existence and wellbeing of all life forms (plants and animals) in the biosphere.
Incorrect
Biodiversity reflects the number of different organisms and their relative frequencies in an ecological system and constitutes the most important functional component of a natural ecosystem. It helps to maintain ecological processes, create soil, recycle nutrients, influence climate, degrade waste and control diseases. It provides an index of health of an ecosystem. The survival of human race depends on the existence and wellbeing of all life forms (plants and animals) in the biosphere.
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Question 3 of 85
3. Question
Who introduced the term Biodiversity?
Correct
The term biodiversity was introduced by Walter Rosen (1986).
Incorrect
The term biodiversity was introduced by Walter Rosen (1986).
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Question 4 of 85
4. Question
In which direction the number of species per unit area declines due to climatic changes?
Correct
Biodiversity is the assemblage of different life forms. Each species is adapted to live in its specific environments. The changes in climatic conditions are reflected in the distribution and pattern of biodiversity on our planet. The number of species per unit area declines as we move from tropics towards the poles.
Incorrect
Biodiversity is the assemblage of different life forms. Each species is adapted to live in its specific environments. The changes in climatic conditions are reflected in the distribution and pattern of biodiversity on our planet. The number of species per unit area declines as we move from tropics towards the poles.
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Question 5 of 85
5. Question
Choose the incorrect statements.
i) The Tundra and Taiga of northern Canada possess less than 12 species of trees.
ii) The Temperate forests of the United States have about 35 species of trees.
iii) The tropical forests of Panama have only 11 species of trees in a small area.Correct
The Tundra and Taiga of northern Canada, Alaska, northern Europe and Russia possess less than 12 species of trees. The temperate forests of the United States have 20-35 species of trees while the tropical forests of Panama have over 110 species of trees in a relatively small area.
Incorrect
The Tundra and Taiga of northern Canada, Alaska, northern Europe and Russia possess less than 12 species of trees. The temperate forests of the United States have 20-35 species of trees while the tropical forests of Panama have over 110 species of trees in a relatively small area.
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Question 6 of 85
6. Question
Who described the biodiversity levels?
Correct
Edward Wilson popularized the term ‘Biodiversity’ to describe diversity at all levels of biological organization from populations to biomes.
Incorrect
Edward Wilson popularized the term ‘Biodiversity’ to describe diversity at all levels of biological organization from populations to biomes.
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Question 7 of 85
7. Question
Which of the following is not a biodiversity level?
Correct
There are three levels of biodiversity – Genetic diversity, Species diversity and Community/Ecosystem diversity
Incorrect
There are three levels of biodiversity – Genetic diversity, Species diversity and Community/Ecosystem diversity
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Question 8 of 85
8. Question
Which of these is referred as Genetic diversity?
Correct
Genetic diversity refers to the differences in genetic make-up (number and types of genes) between distinct species and to the genetic variation within a single species; also covers genetic variation between distinct populations of the same species
Incorrect
Genetic diversity refers to the differences in genetic make-up (number and types of genes) between distinct species and to the genetic variation within a single species; also covers genetic variation between distinct populations of the same species
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Question 9 of 85
9. Question
9. Which of this medicinal plant of Himalaya ranges shows differences in the potency?
Correct
Rouwolfia vomitaria, a medicinal plant growing in different ranges of the Himalayas shows differences in the potency and concentration of the active ingredient reserpine due to genetic diversity. Genetic diversity helps in developing adaptations to changing environmental conditions.
Incorrect
Rouwolfia vomitaria, a medicinal plant growing in different ranges of the Himalayas shows differences in the potency and concentration of the active ingredient reserpine due to genetic diversity. Genetic diversity helps in developing adaptations to changing environmental conditions.
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Question 10 of 85
10. Question
Define species richness.
Correct
Species diversity refers to the variety in number and richness of the species in any habitat. The number of species per unit area at a specific time is called species richness, which denotes the measure of species diversity.
Incorrect
Species diversity refers to the variety in number and richness of the species in any habitat. The number of species per unit area at a specific time is called species richness, which denotes the measure of species diversity.
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Question 11 of 85
11. Question
Assertion (A): The Western Ghats of India have greater amphibian species diversity than the Eastern Ghats.
Reasoning(R): The more number of species in an area leads to more richness of the species.Correct
The Western Ghats have greater amphibian species diversity than the Eastern Ghats. The more the number of species in an area the more is the species richness.
Incorrect
The Western Ghats have greater amphibian species diversity than the Eastern Ghats. The more the number of species in an area the more is the species richness.
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Question 12 of 85
12. Question
Which of the following is not a diversity index?
Correct
Incorrect
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Question 13 of 85
13. Question
Which of these refers to the diversity of the habitats over the landscape?
Correct
Alpha diversity: It is measured by counting the number of taxa (usually species) within a particular area, community or ecosystem.
Beta diversity: It is species diversity between two adjacent ecosystems and is obtaining by comparing the number of species unique to each of the ecosystem.
Gamma diversity refers to the diversity of the habitats over the total landscape or geographical area.Incorrect
Alpha diversity: It is measured by counting the number of taxa (usually species) within a particular area, community or ecosystem.
Beta diversity: It is species diversity between two adjacent ecosystems and is obtaining by comparing the number of species unique to each of the ecosystem.
Gamma diversity refers to the diversity of the habitats over the total landscape or geographical area. -
Question 14 of 85
14. Question
Which of this diversity exists at the ecosystem level?
Correct
Community/Ecosystem diversity is the variety of habitats, biotic communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere. It is the diversity at ecosystem level due to diversity of riches, trophic levels and ecological processes like nutrient cycles, food webs, energy flow and several biotic interactions. India with its alpine meadows, rain forests, mangroves, coral reefs, grass lands and deserts has one of the greatest ecosystem diversity on earth.
Incorrect
Community/Ecosystem diversity is the variety of habitats, biotic communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere. It is the diversity at ecosystem level due to diversity of riches, trophic levels and ecological processes like nutrient cycles, food webs, energy flow and several biotic interactions. India with its alpine meadows, rain forests, mangroves, coral reefs, grass lands and deserts has one of the greatest ecosystem diversity on earth.
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Question 15 of 85
15. Question
Which of these is known as Taxonomic impediment?
Correct
Biodiversity is often quantified as the number of species in a region at a given time. The current estimate of different species on earth is around 8-9 million. However, we really don’t know the exact magnitude of our natural wealth. This is called the ‘The Taxonomic impediment’.
Incorrect
Biodiversity is often quantified as the number of species in a region at a given time. The current estimate of different species on earth is around 8-9 million. However, we really don’t know the exact magnitude of our natural wealth. This is called the ‘The Taxonomic impediment’.
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Question 16 of 85
16. Question
Which of these represents the biomes of India?
Correct
India is very rich in terms of biological diversity due to its unique bio-geographical location, diversified climatic conditions and enormous eco-diversity and geo-diversity. According to world biogeographic classification, India represents two of the major realms (The Palearctic and Indo-Malayan) and three biomes (Tropical humid forests, Tropical Dry/ Deciduous forests and Warm Deserts/Semi deserts). With only about 2.4% of the world’s total land surface, India is known to have over 8 % of the species of animals that the world holds and this percentage accounts for about 92,000 known species.
Incorrect
India is very rich in terms of biological diversity due to its unique bio-geographical location, diversified climatic conditions and enormous eco-diversity and geo-diversity. According to world biogeographic classification, India represents two of the major realms (The Palearctic and Indo-Malayan) and three biomes (Tropical humid forests, Tropical Dry/ Deciduous forests and Warm Deserts/Semi deserts). With only about 2.4% of the world’s total land surface, India is known to have over 8 % of the species of animals that the world holds and this percentage accounts for about 92,000 known species.
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Question 17 of 85
17. Question
What is the global position of India in terms of area?
Correct
Explanation
India is the seventh largest country in the world in terms of area. India has a variety of ecosystems, biomes with its varied habitats like, hills, valleys, plateaus, sea shores, mangroves, estuaries, glaciers, grasslands and river basins. It also reflects different kinds of climates, precipitation, temperature distribution, river flow and soil. India is one of the 17 mega biodiversity countries of the world and has ten biogeographic zones with characteristic habitat and biota.Incorrect
Explanation
India is the seventh largest country in the world in terms of area. India has a variety of ecosystems, biomes with its varied habitats like, hills, valleys, plateaus, sea shores, mangroves, estuaries, glaciers, grasslands and river basins. It also reflects different kinds of climates, precipitation, temperature distribution, river flow and soil. India is one of the 17 mega biodiversity countries of the world and has ten biogeographic zones with characteristic habitat and biota. -
Question 18 of 85
18. Question
Assertion (A): The Habitat conditions are determined by the latitude and altitudes.
Reasoning(R): Organisms require different sets of conditions for their growth and metabolism.Correct
The distribution of plants and animals is not uniform around the world. Organisms require different sets of conditions for their optimum metabolism and growth. Within this optimal range (habitat) a large number and type of organisms are likely to occur, grow and multiply. The habitat conditions are determined by their latitudes and altitudes.
Incorrect
The distribution of plants and animals is not uniform around the world. Organisms require different sets of conditions for their optimum metabolism and growth. Within this optimal range (habitat) a large number and type of organisms are likely to occur, grow and multiply. The habitat conditions are determined by their latitudes and altitudes.
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Question 19 of 85
19. Question
Which of these factors determine the biodiversity distribution patterns?
Correct
Latitudinal and altitudinal gradients: Temperature, precipitation, distance from the equator (latitudinal gradient), altitude from sea level (altitudinal gradient) is some of the factors that determine biodiversity distribution patterns. The most important pattern of biodiversity is latitudinal gradient in diversity. This means that there is an increasing diversity from the poles to equator.
Incorrect
Latitudinal and altitudinal gradients: Temperature, precipitation, distance from the equator (latitudinal gradient), altitude from sea level (altitudinal gradient) is some of the factors that determine biodiversity distribution patterns. The most important pattern of biodiversity is latitudinal gradient in diversity. This means that there is an increasing diversity from the poles to equator.
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Question 20 of 85
20. Question
In which point of the Earth zones diversity reaches maximum?
Correct
Diversity increases as one moves towards the temperate zones and reaches the maximum at the tropics. Thus, tropics harbour more biodiversity than temperate or polar regions, especially between the latitudes of 23.5⁰N and 23.5⁰S (Tropic of Cancer to the Tropic of Capricorn). Harsh conditions exist in temperate areas during the cold seasons while very harsh conditions prevail for most of the year in Polar Regions.
Incorrect
Diversity increases as one moves towards the temperate zones and reaches the maximum at the tropics. Thus, tropics harbour more biodiversity than temperate or polar regions, especially between the latitudes of 23.5⁰N and 23.5⁰S (Tropic of Cancer to the Tropic of Capricorn). Harsh conditions exist in temperate areas during the cold seasons while very harsh conditions prevail for most of the year in Polar Regions.
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Question 21 of 85
21. Question
Which of the factors increases the species diversity?
Correct
Columbia located near the equator (0⁰) has nearly 1400 species of birds while New York at 41⁰N has 105 species and Greenland at 71⁰N has 56 species. India, with much of its land area in the tropical latitudes, is home for more than 1200 species of birds. Thus it is evident that the latitude increases the species diversity
Incorrect
Columbia located near the equator (0⁰) has nearly 1400 species of birds while New York at 41⁰N has 105 species and Greenland at 71⁰N has 56 species. India, with much of its land area in the tropical latitudes, is home for more than 1200 species of birds. Thus it is evident that the latitude increases the species diversity
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Question 22 of 85
22. Question
What is the effect of drop in temperature in species diversity?
Correct
Decrease in species diversity occurs as one ascends a high mountain due to drop in temperature (temperature decreases @ 6.5⁰C per Km above mean sea level)
Incorrect
Decrease in species diversity occurs as one ascends a high mountain due to drop in temperature (temperature decreases @ 6.5⁰C per Km above mean sea level)
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Question 23 of 85
23. Question
Which of these reasons increases the richness of biodiversity in the tropics?
Correct
The reasons for the richness of biodiversity in the Tropics are: Warm tropical regions between the tropic of Cancer and Capricorn on either side of equator possess congenial habitats for living organisms. Environmental conditions of the tropics are favorable not only for speciation but also for supporting both variety and number of organisms. The temperatures vary between 25⁰C to 35⁰C, a range in which most metabolic activities of living organisms occur with ease and efficiency. The average rainfall is often more than 200 mm per year. Climate, seasons, temperature, humidity, photoperiods are more or less stable and encourage both variety and numbers. rich resource and nutrient availability.
Incorrect
The reasons for the richness of biodiversity in the Tropics are: Warm tropical regions between the tropic of Cancer and Capricorn on either side of equator possess congenial habitats for living organisms. Environmental conditions of the tropics are favorable not only for speciation but also for supporting both variety and number of organisms. The temperatures vary between 25⁰C to 35⁰C, a range in which most metabolic activities of living organisms occur with ease and efficiency. The average rainfall is often more than 200 mm per year. Climate, seasons, temperature, humidity, photoperiods are more or less stable and encourage both variety and numbers. rich resource and nutrient availability.
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Question 24 of 85
24. Question
State the relationship between the species richness and its area.
Correct
German Naturalist and Geographer Alexander von Humboldt explored the wilderness of South American jungles and found that within a region the species richness increased with increasing area but up to a certain limit. The relationship between species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa (angiosperm plants, birds, bats, freshwater fishes) turned out to be the rectangular hyperbola. On a logarithmic scale, the relationship is a straight line described by the equation.
log S = log C + Z log A where,
S = Species richness
A = Area
Z = Slope of the line (regression coefficient)
C = Y-interceptIncorrect
German Naturalist and Geographer Alexander von Humboldt explored the wilderness of South American jungles and found that within a region the species richness increased with increasing area but up to a certain limit. The relationship between species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa (angiosperm plants, birds, bats, freshwater fishes) turned out to be the rectangular hyperbola. On a logarithmic scale, the relationship is a straight line described by the equation.
log S = log C + Z log A where,
S = Species richness
A = Area
Z = Slope of the line (regression coefficient)
C = Y-intercept -
Question 25 of 85
25. Question
Assertion (A): Biodiversity is denoted as the number of different species of flora and fauna including microorganisms.
Reasoning(R): Organisms can inhabit different ecosystems with varying conditions and it is essential for the wellbeing of our planet.Correct
Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth. That is, it is the number of different species of flora and fauna including microorganisms. These organisms can inhabit different ecosystems with varying conditions like the Rainforests, Coral reefs, Grasslands, Deserts, Tundra and the Polar ice caps. This variety (Biodiversity) is essential for the wellbeing of our planet and sustenance of life as a whole.
Incorrect
Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth. That is, it is the number of different species of flora and fauna including microorganisms. These organisms can inhabit different ecosystems with varying conditions like the Rainforests, Coral reefs, Grasslands, Deserts, Tundra and the Polar ice caps. This variety (Biodiversity) is essential for the wellbeing of our planet and sustenance of life as a whole.
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Question 26 of 85
26. Question
Who proposed the Rivet Popper Hypothesis concept related to the ecosystem?
Correct
Ecologist Paul Ehrlich proposed the ‘Rivet Popper Hypothesis’ for better understanding the loss of each species in the ecosystem. He compared each species of an ecosystem with rivets in the body of an aero plane. Thousands of rivets (species) join all the parts of an aero plane (ecosystem). If every passenger travelling in the aero plane starts taking rivets home (loss of species), initially it may not affect flight safety (proper functioning of the ecosystem). However, the plane becomes dangerously weak over a period of time, when more and more rivets are removed. Moreover, which rivet is removed is also important. When the key rivets (removal of key stone species) on the wings of the aero plane are removed, undoubtedly it poses serious threat to the flight safety. Thus we understand the role of every species for the hormonal function of an ecosystem.
Incorrect
Ecologist Paul Ehrlich proposed the ‘Rivet Popper Hypothesis’ for better understanding the loss of each species in the ecosystem. He compared each species of an ecosystem with rivets in the body of an aero plane. Thousands of rivets (species) join all the parts of an aero plane (ecosystem). If every passenger travelling in the aero plane starts taking rivets home (loss of species), initially it may not affect flight safety (proper functioning of the ecosystem). However, the plane becomes dangerously weak over a period of time, when more and more rivets are removed. Moreover, which rivet is removed is also important. When the key rivets (removal of key stone species) on the wings of the aero plane are removed, undoubtedly it poses serious threat to the flight safety. Thus we understand the role of every species for the hormonal function of an ecosystem.
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Question 27 of 85
27. Question
Which of these is not an important factor of biodiversity?
Correct
The importance of biodiversity can be viewed and measured as Ecosystem services, Biological resources, and social benefits of biodiversity.
Incorrect
The importance of biodiversity can be viewed and measured as Ecosystem services, Biological resources, and social benefits of biodiversity.
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Question 28 of 85
28. Question
Which of these are the functional attributes of the Biodiversity?
Correct
The organization and functioning of ecosystems world over is effected and dependent on biodiversity and its richness. The major functional attributes are: continuity of nutrient cycles or biogeochemical cycles (N2, C, H2O, P, S cycles) Soil formation, conditioning or maintenance of soil health (fertility) by soil microbial diversity along with the different trophic members, increases ecosystem productivity and provide food resources, act as water traps, filters, water flow regulators and water purifiers (forest cover and vegetation) climate stability (forests are essential for rainfall, temperature regulation, CO2 absorption, which in turn regulate the density and type of vegetation), forest resource management and sustainable development, maintaining balance between biotic components cleaning up of pollutants – microbes are the biggest degraders of molecules including many anthropogenic ones which are present in effluents, sewage, garbage and agro-chemicals, ecological stability – the varieties and richness of species contribute to ecological stability and survival of species.
Incorrect
The organization and functioning of ecosystems world over is effected and dependent on biodiversity and its richness. The major functional attributes are: continuity of nutrient cycles or biogeochemical cycles (N2, C, H2O, P, S cycles) Soil formation, conditioning or maintenance of soil health (fertility) by soil microbial diversity along with the different trophic members, increases ecosystem productivity and provide food resources, act as water traps, filters, water flow regulators and water purifiers (forest cover and vegetation) climate stability (forests are essential for rainfall, temperature regulation, CO2 absorption, which in turn regulate the density and type of vegetation), forest resource management and sustainable development, maintaining balance between biotic components cleaning up of pollutants – microbes are the biggest degraders of molecules including many anthropogenic ones which are present in effluents, sewage, garbage and agro-chemicals, ecological stability – the varieties and richness of species contribute to ecological stability and survival of species.
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Question 29 of 85
29. Question
Which of these is a crucial indicator of the species richness?
Correct
Bio diverse regions are reservoirs of biological resources like food resources, gene pool, genetic resource, and medicinal resources, bio-prospecting to provide unique aesthetic value and hot spots for Ecotourism. Along with forest resources and wildlife it has commercial significance an indicator of the health of the ecosystem. Endemism is a crucial indicator of richness.
Incorrect
Bio diverse regions are reservoirs of biological resources like food resources, gene pool, genetic resource, and medicinal resources, bio-prospecting to provide unique aesthetic value and hot spots for Ecotourism. Along with forest resources and wildlife it has commercial significance an indicator of the health of the ecosystem. Endemism is a crucial indicator of richness.
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Question 30 of 85
30. Question
Which of the following zone is not included in the Trans Himalaya?
Correct
Incorrect
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Question 31 of 85
31. Question
Which of the zones have thorn and deciduous forests?
Correct
Bio geographical Zones of India
Incorrect
Bio geographical Zones of India
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Question 32 of 85
32. Question
Which of these zones comprises the larger area in the Indian subcontinent?
Correct
Incorrect
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Question 33 of 85
33. Question
Which of these forests is associated with the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?
Correct
Incorrect
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Question 34 of 85
34. Question
Which of these is the major cause for decline in the biodiversity?
Correct
The major causes for biodiversity decline are: Habitat loss, fragmentation and destruction (affects about 73% of all species) Pollution and pollutants (smog, pesticides, herbicides, oil slicks, GHGs), Climate change, Introduction of alien/exotic species Over exploitation of resources (poaching, indiscriminate cutting of trees, over fishing, hunting, mining), Intensive agriculture and aquaculture practices, Hybridization between native and nonnative species and loss of native species, Natural disasters (Tsunami, forest fire, earth quake, volcanoes) Industrialization, Urbanization, infrastructure development, Transport –Road and Shipping activity, communication towers, dam construction, unregulated tourism and monoculture are common area of specific threats, Co-extinction
Incorrect
The major causes for biodiversity decline are: Habitat loss, fragmentation and destruction (affects about 73% of all species) Pollution and pollutants (smog, pesticides, herbicides, oil slicks, GHGs), Climate change, Introduction of alien/exotic species Over exploitation of resources (poaching, indiscriminate cutting of trees, over fishing, hunting, mining), Intensive agriculture and aquaculture practices, Hybridization between native and nonnative species and loss of native species, Natural disasters (Tsunami, forest fire, earth quake, volcanoes) Industrialization, Urbanization, infrastructure development, Transport –Road and Shipping activity, communication towers, dam construction, unregulated tourism and monoculture are common area of specific threats, Co-extinction
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Question 35 of 85
35. Question
Assertion (A): Habitat loss is mainly for the benefit of human society development.
Reasoning(R): Species become victim to predation, starvation or eventually die in human animal conflicts.
Correct
Habitat Loss: Development of human society is inevitable. Natural habitats are destroyed for the purpose of settlement, agriculture, mining, industries and construction of highways. As a result species are forced to adapt to the changes in the environment or move to other places. If not, they become victim to predation, starvation, disease and eventually die or results in human animal conflict.
Incorrect
Habitat Loss: Development of human society is inevitable. Natural habitats are destroyed for the purpose of settlement, agriculture, mining, industries and construction of highways. As a result species are forced to adapt to the changes in the environment or move to other places. If not, they become victim to predation, starvation, disease and eventually die or results in human animal conflict.
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Question 36 of 85
36. Question
By which of these ways the fragmentation and destruction of natural habitats happen?
Correct
Over population, urbanization, industrialization and agricultural advancements require additional land, water and raw materials every year. This is made possible only through fragmentation or destruction of natural habitats by filling wetlands, ploughing grasslands, cutting down trees, forest, desilting rivers, constructing transport ways, caving mountains, extracting, and ores, changing the course of rivers and filling of seashore.
Incorrect
Over population, urbanization, industrialization and agricultural advancements require additional land, water and raw materials every year. This is made possible only through fragmentation or destruction of natural habitats by filling wetlands, ploughing grasslands, cutting down trees, forest, desilting rivers, constructing transport ways, caving mountains, extracting, and ores, changing the course of rivers and filling of seashore.
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Question 37 of 85
37. Question
Which of these are the effects of Habitat fragmentation?
Correct
Habitat fragmentation is the process where a large, continuous area of habitat is both, reduced in area and divided into two or more fragments. Fragmentation of habitats like forest land into crop lands, orchard lands, plantations, urban areas, industrial estates, transport and transit systems has resulted in the destruction of complex interactions amongst species, (food chain and webs) destruction of species in the cleared regions, annihilation of species restricted to these habitats (endemic) and decreased biodiversity in the habitat fragments. Animals requiring large territories such as mammals and birds are severely affected. The elephant corridors and migratory routes are highly vulnerable. The dwindling of many well-known birds (sparrows) and animals can be attributed to this.
Incorrect
Habitat fragmentation is the process where a large, continuous area of habitat is both, reduced in area and divided into two or more fragments. Fragmentation of habitats like forest land into crop lands, orchard lands, plantations, urban areas, industrial estates, transport and transit systems has resulted in the destruction of complex interactions amongst species, (food chain and webs) destruction of species in the cleared regions, annihilation of species restricted to these habitats (endemic) and decreased biodiversity in the habitat fragments. Animals requiring large territories such as mammals and birds are severely affected. The elephant corridors and migratory routes are highly vulnerable. The dwindling of many well-known birds (sparrows) and animals can be attributed to this.
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Question 38 of 85
38. Question
State some of the species became extinct due to over exploitation?
Correct
Over exploitation: We depend on nature for our basic needs such as food and shelter. However, when the need becomes greed, it leads to over exploitation of natural resources. Excessive exploitation of a species reduces the size of its population to such a level that it becomes vulnerable to extinction. Dodo, passenger pigeon and Steller’s sea cow have become extinct in the last 200-300 years due to over exploitation by humans. Overfishing due to population pressure leads to many marine fish (populations) declining around the world.
Incorrect
Over exploitation: We depend on nature for our basic needs such as food and shelter. However, when the need becomes greed, it leads to over exploitation of natural resources. Excessive exploitation of a species reduces the size of its population to such a level that it becomes vulnerable to extinction. Dodo, passenger pigeon and Steller’s sea cow have become extinct in the last 200-300 years due to over exploitation by humans. Overfishing due to population pressure leads to many marine fish (populations) declining around the world.
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Question 39 of 85
39. Question
Which of these statements are not true regarding the exotic species?
i) Exotic species are non-native or alien introduced intentionally for commercial purposes.
ii) Exotic species become invasive and drive away the local species.
iii) Exotic species are not harmful to both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.Correct
Exotic species (non-native; alien) are organisms often introduced unintentionally or deliberately for commercial purpose, as biological control agents and other uses. They often become invasive and drive away the local species and are considered as the second major cause for extinction of species. Exotic species have proved harmful to both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Incorrect
Exotic species (non-native; alien) are organisms often introduced unintentionally or deliberately for commercial purpose, as biological control agents and other uses. They often become invasive and drive away the local species and are considered as the second major cause for extinction of species. Exotic species have proved harmful to both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
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Question 40 of 85
40. Question
From which of these countries the Paracoccus marginatus originated?
Correct
The introduction of the Nile Perch, a predatory fish into Lake Victoria in East Africa led to the extinction of an ecologically unique assemblage of more than 200 nature species of cichlid fish in the lake. Papaya Mealy Bug (Paracoccus marginatus) is native of Mexico and Central America, is believed to have destroyed huge crops of papaya in Assam, West Bengal and Tamil Nadu.
Incorrect
The introduction of the Nile Perch, a predatory fish into Lake Victoria in East Africa led to the extinction of an ecologically unique assemblage of more than 200 nature species of cichlid fish in the lake. Papaya Mealy Bug (Paracoccus marginatus) is native of Mexico and Central America, is believed to have destroyed huge crops of papaya in Assam, West Bengal and Tamil Nadu.
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Question 41 of 85
41. Question
Which of the following is not an effect of Industrialization?
Correct
Industrialization is a major contributor to climate change and a major threat to biodiversity. Energy drives our industries are provided by burning of fossil fuels. This increases the emission of CO2, a GHG leading to climate change. Due to large scale deforestation, the emitted CO2 cannot be absorbed fully, and its concentration in the air increases. Climate change increases land and ocean temperature, changes precipitation patterns and raises the sea level. This in turn results in melting of glaciers, water inundation, less predictability of weather patterns, extreme weather conditions, outbreak of squalor diseases, and migration of animals and loss of trees in forest. Thus climate change is an imminent danger to the existing biodiversity.
Incorrect
Industrialization is a major contributor to climate change and a major threat to biodiversity. Energy drives our industries are provided by burning of fossil fuels. This increases the emission of CO2, a GHG leading to climate change. Due to large scale deforestation, the emitted CO2 cannot be absorbed fully, and its concentration in the air increases. Climate change increases land and ocean temperature, changes precipitation patterns and raises the sea level. This in turn results in melting of glaciers, water inundation, less predictability of weather patterns, extreme weather conditions, outbreak of squalor diseases, and migration of animals and loss of trees in forest. Thus climate change is an imminent danger to the existing biodiversity.
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Question 42 of 85
42. Question
What are the negative effects of the shifting cultivation?
Correct
Shifting or Jhum cultivation (Slash-and-burn agriculture): In shifting cultivation, plots of natural tree vegetation are burnt away and the cleared patches are farmed for 2-3 seasons, after which their fertility reduces to a point where crop production is no longer profitable. The farmer then abandons this patch and cuts down a new patch of forest trees elsewhere for crop production. This system is practiced in north-eastern regions of India. When vast areas are cleared and burnt, it results in loss of forest cover, pollution and discharge of CO2 which in turn attributes to loss of habitat and climate change which has an impact on the faunal diversity of that region.
Incorrect
Shifting or Jhum cultivation (Slash-and-burn agriculture): In shifting cultivation, plots of natural tree vegetation are burnt away and the cleared patches are farmed for 2-3 seasons, after which their fertility reduces to a point where crop production is no longer profitable. The farmer then abandons this patch and cuts down a new patch of forest trees elsewhere for crop production. This system is practiced in north-eastern regions of India. When vast areas are cleared and burnt, it results in loss of forest cover, pollution and discharge of CO2 which in turn attributes to loss of habitat and climate change which has an impact on the faunal diversity of that region.
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Question 43 of 85
43. Question
Which of the following concepts explain the relation between the Calvaria tree and Dodo bird?
Correct
Co extinction of a species is the loss of a species as a consequence of the extinction of another. (Eg., orchid bees and forest trees by cross pollination). Extinction of one will automatically cause extinction of the other. Another example for co-extinction is the connection between Calvaria tree and the extinct bird of Mauritius Island, the Dodo. The Calvaria tree is dependent on the Dodo bird for completion of its life cycle. The mutualistic association is that the tough horny endocarp of the seeds of Calvaria tree are made permeable by the actions of the large stones in bird’s gizzard and digestive juices thereby facilitating easier germination. The extinction of the Dodo bird led to the imminent danger of the Calvaria tree co extinction.
Incorrect
Co extinction of a species is the loss of a species as a consequence of the extinction of another. (Eg., orchid bees and forest trees by cross pollination). Extinction of one will automatically cause extinction of the other. Another example for co-extinction is the connection between Calvaria tree and the extinct bird of Mauritius Island, the Dodo. The Calvaria tree is dependent on the Dodo bird for completion of its life cycle. The mutualistic association is that the tough horny endocarp of the seeds of Calvaria tree are made permeable by the actions of the large stones in bird’s gizzard and digestive juices thereby facilitating easier germination. The extinction of the Dodo bird led to the imminent danger of the Calvaria tree co extinction.
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Question 44 of 85
44. Question
What is the base for the Intensive Agriculture?
Correct
Intensive agriculture: Spread of agriculture is sometimes at the cost of wetlands, grasslands and forests. Intensive agriculture is based on a few high yielding varieties. As a result, there is reduction in the genetic diversity. It also increases vulnerability of the crop plants to sudden attack by pathogens and pests. There are only few varieties of traditional paddy strains today due to use to hybrid varieties in Tamil Nadu.
Incorrect
Intensive agriculture: Spread of agriculture is sometimes at the cost of wetlands, grasslands and forests. Intensive agriculture is based on a few high yielding varieties. As a result, there is reduction in the genetic diversity. It also increases vulnerability of the crop plants to sudden attack by pathogens and pests. There are only few varieties of traditional paddy strains today due to use to hybrid varieties in Tamil Nadu.
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Question 45 of 85
45. Question
Assertion (A): Extinct species destabilizes the ecological stability and the distribution of biological diversity on earth.
Reasoning(R): Natural sources and organisms are indiscriminately exploited by human beings.Correct
Loss of biodiversity: Species have been evolving and dying out (extinction) ever since the origin of life. However, species are now becoming extinct at a faster rate. This is destabilizing the ecological stability and the distribution of biological diversity on earth. Human activities greatly contribute to the loss of biodiversity. Natural resources such as land, water and organisms are indiscriminately exploited by human beings.
Incorrect
Loss of biodiversity: Species have been evolving and dying out (extinction) ever since the origin of life. However, species are now becoming extinct at a faster rate. This is destabilizing the ecological stability and the distribution of biological diversity on earth. Human activities greatly contribute to the loss of biodiversity. Natural resources such as land, water and organisms are indiscriminately exploited by human beings.
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Question 46 of 85
46. Question
Choose the Incorrect statements.
i) Direct and Indirect human activities have a detrimental effect on biodiversity.
ii) Harvesting, Pollution and Climate changes are the direct human activities in the biodiversity loss.
iii) The Indirect human drivers include demographic, economic, technological and religious factors.Correct
According to the Convention of Biological Diversity, direct and indirect human activities have a detrimental effect on biodiversity. Direct human activities like change in local land use, species introduction or removal, harvesting, pollution and climate change contribute a greater pressure on loss of biodiversity. Indirect human drivers include demographic, economic, technological, cultural and religious factors.
Incorrect
According to the Convention of Biological Diversity, direct and indirect human activities have a detrimental effect on biodiversity. Direct human activities like change in local land use, species introduction or removal, harvesting, pollution and climate change contribute a greater pressure on loss of biodiversity. Indirect human drivers include demographic, economic, technological, cultural and religious factors.
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Question 47 of 85
47. Question
Which is not an indirect effect of human activities in the biodiversity loss?
Correct
Even though new species are being discovered, there is little hope for adding new species through speciation into the biodiversity treasure. Monsoon failure, global warming, depletion in ozone layer, landslides in hilly states, pollution are a few indirect effects of human activities which results in the loss biodiversity.
Incorrect
Even though new species are being discovered, there is little hope for adding new species through speciation into the biodiversity treasure. Monsoon failure, global warming, depletion in ozone layer, landslides in hilly states, pollution are a few indirect effects of human activities which results in the loss biodiversity.
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Question 48 of 85
48. Question
Which of these are the negative effects of the biodiversity loss?
Correct
The loss of biodiversity has a immense impact on plant animal and human life. The negative effects include dramatic influence on the food web. Even reduction in one species can adversely affect the entire food chain which further leads to an overall reduction in biodiversity. Reduced biodiversity leads to immediate danger for food security by reducing ecosystem services.
Incorrect
The loss of biodiversity has a immense impact on plant animal and human life. The negative effects include dramatic influence on the food web. Even reduction in one species can adversely affect the entire food chain which further leads to an overall reduction in biodiversity. Reduced biodiversity leads to immediate danger for food security by reducing ecosystem services.
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Question 49 of 85
49. Question
Which of the following statements is not true regarding hotspot?
Correct
Hotspots are areas characterized with high concentration of endemic species experiencing unusual rapid rate of habitat modification loss. Norman Myers defined hot spots as “regions that harbour a great diversity of endemic species and at the same time, have been significantly impacted and altered by human activities.” A hotspot is a region that supports at least 1500 endemic vascular plant species (0.5% of the global total) has lost more than 70% of its original vegetation. There are 35 biodiversity hotspots in the world.
Incorrect
Hotspots are areas characterized with high concentration of endemic species experiencing unusual rapid rate of habitat modification loss. Norman Myers defined hot spots as “regions that harbour a great diversity of endemic species and at the same time, have been significantly impacted and altered by human activities.” A hotspot is a region that supports at least 1500 endemic vascular plant species (0.5% of the global total) has lost more than 70% of its original vegetation. There are 35 biodiversity hotspots in the world.
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Question 50 of 85
50. Question
. Which of these is not a bio diversity hotspot of India?
Correct
India is home to four biodiversity hotspots (as per ENVIS). They are Himalaya (the entire Indian Himalayan region), Western Ghats Indo-Burma: includes entire North-eastern India, except Assam and Andaman group of Islands (and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Southern China) , Sunderland’s: includes Nicobar group of Islands (and Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Philippines).
Incorrect
India is home to four biodiversity hotspots (as per ENVIS). They are Himalaya (the entire Indian Himalayan region), Western Ghats Indo-Burma: includes entire North-eastern India, except Assam and Andaman group of Islands (and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Southern China) , Sunderland’s: includes Nicobar group of Islands (and Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Philippines).
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Question 51 of 85
51. Question
Assertion (A): Endangered species categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature are likely to be extinct.
Reasoning(R): Red list species are the Critically Endangered conservation status for wild populations.Correct
A species that has been categorized as very likely to become extinct is an Endangered species. Endangered (EN), as categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, is the second most severe conservation status for wild populations in the IUCN’s scheme after Critically Endangered (CR). In 1998 there were 1102 animal and 1197 plant species in the IUCN Red List. In 2012, the list features 3079 animal and 2655 plant species as endangered (EN) worldwide.
Incorrect
A species that has been categorized as very likely to become extinct is an Endangered species. Endangered (EN), as categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, is the second most severe conservation status for wild populations in the IUCN’s scheme after Critically Endangered (CR). In 1998 there were 1102 animal and 1197 plant species in the IUCN Red List. In 2012, the list features 3079 animal and 2655 plant species as endangered (EN) worldwide.
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Question 52 of 85
52. Question
Which of this factor decides the extinction of species?
Correct
The extinction of species is mainly due to drastic environmental changes and population characteristics. There are three types of Extinctions
Incorrect
The extinction of species is mainly due to drastic environmental changes and population characteristics. There are three types of Extinctions
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Question 53 of 85
53. Question
Assertion (A): Natural Extinction is a slow process of replacing existing species with better adapted species.
Reasoning(R): A small population can get extinct sooner than the larger population.Correct
Natural extinction is a slow process of replacement of existing species with better adapted species due to changes in environmental conditions, evolutionary changes, predators and diseases. A small population can get extinct sooner than the large population due to inbreeding depression (less adaptivity and variation).
Incorrect
Natural extinction is a slow process of replacement of existing species with better adapted species due to changes in environmental conditions, evolutionary changes, predators and diseases. A small population can get extinct sooner than the large population due to inbreeding depression (less adaptivity and variation).
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Question 54 of 85
54. Question
In which year the Government of India launched the Project Tiger?
Correct
The Government of India launched the ‘Project Tiger’ in 1973 to protect our national animal. From 9 tiger reserves since its inception, the Project Tiger coverage has increased to 50 at present. Project Tiger is an ongoing Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, providing central assistance to the states for tiger conservation in designated tiger reserves. Project Tiger was launched in the Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand in 1973. The project ensures a viable population of Bengal tigers in their natural habitats, protecting them from extinction and preserving areas of biological importance as a natural heritage
Incorrect
The Government of India launched the ‘Project Tiger’ in 1973 to protect our national animal. From 9 tiger reserves since its inception, the Project Tiger coverage has increased to 50 at present. Project Tiger is an ongoing Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, providing central assistance to the states for tiger conservation in designated tiger reserves. Project Tiger was launched in the Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand in 1973. The project ensures a viable population of Bengal tigers in their natural habitats, protecting them from extinction and preserving areas of biological importance as a natural heritage
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Question 55 of 85
55. Question
Which of these causes the Mass extinction in Earth?
Correct
Mass extinction: The earth has experienced quite a few mass extinctions due to environmental catastrophes. A mass extinction occurred about 225 million years ago during the Permian, where 90% of shallow water marine invertebrates disappeared.
Incorrect
Mass extinction: The earth has experienced quite a few mass extinctions due to environmental catastrophes. A mass extinction occurred about 225 million years ago during the Permian, where 90% of shallow water marine invertebrates disappeared.
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Question 56 of 85
56. Question
Which of these human activities causes the anthropogenic extinctions?
Correct
Anthropogenic extinctions are abetted by human activities like hunting, habitat destruction, over exploitation, urbanization and industrialization. Some examples of extinctions are Dodo of Mauritius and Steller’s sea cow of Russia. Amphibians seem to be at higher risk of extinction because of habitat destruction. The most serious aspect of the loss of biodiversity is the extinction of species. The unique information contained in its genetic material (DNA) and the niche it possesses are lost forever.
Incorrect
Anthropogenic extinctions are abetted by human activities like hunting, habitat destruction, over exploitation, urbanization and industrialization. Some examples of extinctions are Dodo of Mauritius and Steller’s sea cow of Russia. Amphibians seem to be at higher risk of extinction because of habitat destruction. The most serious aspect of the loss of biodiversity is the extinction of species. The unique information contained in its genetic material (DNA) and the niche it possesses are lost forever.
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Question 57 of 85
57. Question
Which of the following statements are not true regarding IUCN?
i) The IUCN was established in the year 1948 and located at Switzerland.
ii) The mission of IUCN is to influence encourage and assist societies to conserve nature.
iii) IUCN passed several laws through international conventions on nature conservation and biodiversity.Correct
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. It was established in 1948 and located at Gland VD, Switzerland. It is involved in data gathering and analysis research, field projects and education on conservation, sustainable development and biodiversity. IUCN’s mission is to influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. It influences governments and industries through partnerships by providing information and advice. The organization collects, compiles and publishes the IUCN red list of threatened species and their conservation status in the world. It plays a vital role in the implementation of several international conventions on nature conservation and biodiversity.
Incorrect
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. It was established in 1948 and located at Gland VD, Switzerland. It is involved in data gathering and analysis research, field projects and education on conservation, sustainable development and biodiversity. IUCN’s mission is to influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. It influences governments and industries through partnerships by providing information and advice. The organization collects, compiles and publishes the IUCN red list of threatened species and their conservation status in the world. It plays a vital role in the implementation of several international conventions on nature conservation and biodiversity.
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Question 58 of 85
58. Question
In which year the concept of Red list was mooted by IUCN?
Correct
Red Data book or Red list is a catalogue of taxa facing risk of extinction. IUCN – International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, which is renamed as WCU – World Conservation Union (Morges Switzerland) maintains the Red Data book. The concept of Red list was mooted in 1963.
Incorrect
Red Data book or Red list is a catalogue of taxa facing risk of extinction. IUCN – International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, which is renamed as WCU – World Conservation Union (Morges Switzerland) maintains the Red Data book. The concept of Red list was mooted in 1963.
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Question 59 of 85
59. Question
Which of the following is not a purpose of Red list?
Correct
The purpose of preparation of Red List are: To create awareness on the degree of threat to biodiversity, Identification and documentation of species at high risk of extinction, Provide global index on declining biodiversity, Preparing conservation priorities and help in conservation of action, Information on international agreements on conservation of biological diversity.
Incorrect
The purpose of preparation of Red List are: To create awareness on the degree of threat to biodiversity, Identification and documentation of species at high risk of extinction, Provide global index on declining biodiversity, Preparing conservation priorities and help in conservation of action, Information on international agreements on conservation of biological diversity.
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Question 60 of 85
60. Question
State the species which is not categorized in the Red list.
Correct
Red list has eight categories of species: Extinct, Extinct in wild, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Lower risk, Data deficiency, Not evaluated.
Incorrect
Red list has eight categories of species: Extinct, Extinct in wild, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Lower risk, Data deficiency, Not evaluated.
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Question 61 of 85
61. Question
In which year the Principle of Stockholm declaration was passed?
Correct
The natural resources of the Earth, including air, water, land, flora and fauna of natural ecosystems must be safeguarded for the benefit of the present and future generations through careful planning and management, as appropriate – Principle of the Stockholm Declaration, 1972.
Incorrect
The natural resources of the Earth, including air, water, land, flora and fauna of natural ecosystems must be safeguarded for the benefit of the present and future generations through careful planning and management, as appropriate – Principle of the Stockholm Declaration, 1972.
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Question 62 of 85
62. Question
Which of these denotes the conservation of biodiversity?
Correct
Conservation of biodiversity is protection and scientific management of biodiversity so as to maintain it at its optimum level and derive sustainable benefits for the present as well as future generations. It aims to protect species from extinction and their habitats and ecosystems from degradation.
Incorrect
Conservation of biodiversity is protection and scientific management of biodiversity so as to maintain it at its optimum level and derive sustainable benefits for the present as well as future generations. It aims to protect species from extinction and their habitats and ecosystems from degradation.
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Question 63 of 85
63. Question
What are the general strategies in conservation?
Correct
General strategies in conservation: Identify and protect all threatened species, identify and conserve in protected areas the wild relatives of all the economically important organisms Identify and protect critical habitats for feeding, breeding, nursing, resting of each species, resting, feeding and breeding places of the organisms should be identified and protected, air, water and soil should be conserved on priority basis, wildlife Protection Act should be implemented.
Incorrect
General strategies in conservation: Identify and protect all threatened species, identify and conserve in protected areas the wild relatives of all the economically important organisms Identify and protect critical habitats for feeding, breeding, nursing, resting of each species, resting, feeding and breeding places of the organisms should be identified and protected, air, water and soil should be conserved on priority basis, wildlife Protection Act should be implemented.
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Question 64 of 85
64. Question
What is defined as In-situ conservation?
Correct
In-situ Conservation (Conservation in the natural habitat): This is the conservation of genetic resources through their protection within a natural or manmade ecosystem in which they occur. It is conservation and protection of the whole ecosystem and its biodiversity at all levels in order to protect the threatened species.
Incorrect
In-situ Conservation (Conservation in the natural habitat): This is the conservation of genetic resources through their protection within a natural or manmade ecosystem in which they occur. It is conservation and protection of the whole ecosystem and its biodiversity at all levels in order to protect the threatened species.
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Question 65 of 85
65. Question
Assertion (A): Protected Areas are bio geographical areas managed and maintained through legal measures.
Reasoning(R): Protected Areas includes National Parks, Wild Life Sanctuaries, community reserves and Biosphere reserves.Correct
Protected Areas: These are bio geographical areas where biological diversity along with natural and cultural resources is protected, maintained and managed through legal measures. Protected areas include national parks, wild life sanctuaries, community reserves and biosphere reserves.
Incorrect
Protected Areas: These are bio geographical areas where biological diversity along with natural and cultural resources is protected, maintained and managed through legal measures. Protected areas include national parks, wild life sanctuaries, community reserves and biosphere reserves.
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Question 66 of 85
66. Question
Which of the chapters of Indian Constitution deals with the Wildlife Protection Acts?
Correct
National Parks (NP): It is a natural habitat that is notified by the state government to be constituted as a National Park due to its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, or zoological association of importance. No human activity is permitted inside the national park except the activities permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the state under the conditions given in CHAPTER IV, of the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA) 1972.
Incorrect
National Parks (NP): It is a natural habitat that is notified by the state government to be constituted as a National Park due to its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, or zoological association of importance. No human activity is permitted inside the national park except the activities permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the state under the conditions given in CHAPTER IV, of the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA) 1972.
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Question 67 of 85
67. Question
Match
National Parks Year of Establishment
A. Mudumalai i) 2001
B. Gulf of Mannar ii) 1976
C. Indira Gandhi iii) 1940
D. Mukkuruthi iv) 1986Correct
National Parks in Tamil Nadu
Incorrect
National Parks in Tamil Nadu
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Question 68 of 85
68. Question
Choose the correct statements.
- i) Any area including reserve forests or territorial waters can be notified as sanctuary by the State Government.
- ii) As per the Chapter IV of Wildlife Act restricted human activities are allowed inside the Sanctuary areas of State Government.
- iii) Eco tourism is not permitted inside the sanctuaries protected by the State Government.
Correct
Any area other than the area comprised with any reserve forest or the territorial waters can be notified by the State Government to constitute as a sanctuary if such area is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological significance. This is for the purpose of protecting, endangered factual species. Some restricted human activities are allowed inside the Sanctuary area details of which are given in CHAPTER IV, of the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA) 1972. Eco tourism is permitted, as long as animal life is undisturbed.
Incorrect
Any area other than the area comprised with any reserve forest or the territorial waters can be notified by the State Government to constitute as a sanctuary if such area is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological significance. This is for the purpose of protecting, endangered factual species. Some restricted human activities are allowed inside the Sanctuary area details of which are given in CHAPTER IV, of the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA) 1972. Eco tourism is permitted, as long as animal life is undisturbed.
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Question 69 of 85
69. Question
Which of the following wild life sanctuaries are known for the Indian Tiger and Asiatic elephant?
Correct
Periyar wild life sanctuary in Kerala is famous for the Indian Tiger and Asiatic Elephant.
Incorrect
Periyar wild life sanctuary in Kerala is famous for the Indian Tiger and Asiatic Elephant.
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Question 70 of 85
70. Question
Identify the Incorrect Match.
A. Coimbatore i) Indira Gandhi WLS
B. Nilgiris ii) Mundanthurai WLS
C. Nagapattinam iii) Point Calimere WLS
D. Chengalpet iv) Vedanthangal WLSCorrect
Incorrect
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Question 71 of 85
71. Question
In which year the Mudumalai Wild Life Sanctuary was established?
Correct
Prominent WLS in Tamil Nadu
Incorrect
Prominent WLS in Tamil Nadu
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Question 72 of 85
72. Question
Who vision the Madras Crocodile Bank Trust and Centre for Herpetology?
Correct
The Madras Crocodile Bank Trust and Centre for Herpetology was the brain child of the legendary Romulus Whitaker and a handful of like-minded conservation visionaries, who began work on the facility in 1976. It aimed to save India’s dwindling crocodilian population. The mission is to promote the conservation of reptiles and amphibians and their habitats through education, scientific research and capture breeding. The crocodile bank remains a world leader in the field of frontline conservation and the preservation of natural landscapes.
Incorrect
The Madras Crocodile Bank Trust and Centre for Herpetology was the brain child of the legendary Romulus Whitaker and a handful of like-minded conservation visionaries, who began work on the facility in 1976. It aimed to save India’s dwindling crocodilian population. The mission is to promote the conservation of reptiles and amphibians and their habitats through education, scientific research and capture breeding. The crocodile bank remains a world leader in the field of frontline conservation and the preservation of natural landscapes.
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Question 73 of 85
73. Question
Assertion (A): Biosphere reserve is an international designation by UNESCO.
Reasoning(R): Biosphere reserves are designated to deal with the conservation of biodiversity, economic and social development and maintaining cultural values.Correct
Biosphere Reserve (BR) is an international designation by UNESCO for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large area of terrestrial or coastal/ marine ecosystems or a combination thereof. BRs are designated to deal with the conservation of biodiversity, economic and social development and maintenance of associated cultural values.
Incorrect
Biosphere Reserve (BR) is an international designation by UNESCO for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large area of terrestrial or coastal/ marine ecosystems or a combination thereof. BRs are designated to deal with the conservation of biodiversity, economic and social development and maintenance of associated cultural values.
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Question 74 of 85
74. Question
Choose the correct statements regarding the Insitu Conservation.
i) On-site conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species.ii) Recovering populations and preventing their extinctions.
iii) National parks and Wild Life Sanctuaries are not from the Insitu strategies.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 75 of 85
75. Question
Which of the following statements are not related to Exsitu Conservation?
Correct
Difference between Insitu and Exsitu Conservation
Incorrect
Difference between Insitu and Exsitu Conservation
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Question 76 of 85
76. Question
Which of the following is preserved by the Gene banks?
Correct
Gene banks are a type of bio repository which preserves genetic materials. Seeds of different genetic strains of commercially important plants can be stored in long periods in seed banks, gametes of threatened species can be preserved in viable and fertile condition for long periods using cryopreservation techniques.
Incorrect
Gene banks are a type of bio repository which preserves genetic materials. Seeds of different genetic strains of commercially important plants can be stored in long periods in seed banks, gametes of threatened species can be preserved in viable and fertile condition for long periods using cryopreservation techniques.
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Question 77 of 85
77. Question
In which year the World Wild Fund for Nature was founded?
Correct
World Wild Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental charitable trust founded in 1961, with headquarters at Gland, Vaud, Switzerland. It aims at wildness preservation and the reduction of human impact on the environment. It was formerly named the World Wildlife Fund. The living planet report is being published every two years by WWF since 1998.
Incorrect
World Wild Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental charitable trust founded in 1961, with headquarters at Gland, Vaud, Switzerland. It aims at wildness preservation and the reduction of human impact on the environment. It was formerly named the World Wildlife Fund. The living planet report is being published every two years by WWF since 1998.
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Question 78 of 85
78. Question
Choose the correct statements.
i) The vision of WWF is to conserve nature and reduce the most pressing threats to the diversity of life on Earth.
ii) WWF ensures that the value of nature is reflected in decision made by individuals, communities, governments and businesses.Correct
The vision of WWF is to conserve nature and reduce the most pressing threats to the diversity of life on Earth by conserving the world’s most ecologically important regions, protect and restore species and their habitats, strengthen local communities’ ability to conserve the natural resources they depend upon and to ensure that the value of nature is reflected in decision made by individuals, communities, governments and businesses.
Incorrect
The vision of WWF is to conserve nature and reduce the most pressing threats to the diversity of life on Earth by conserving the world’s most ecologically important regions, protect and restore species and their habitats, strengthen local communities’ ability to conserve the natural resources they depend upon and to ensure that the value of nature is reflected in decision made by individuals, communities, governments and businesses.
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Question 79 of 85
79. Question
Which of the following is not an objective of ZSI?
Correct
The objectives of ZSI are: Exploration, Survey, Inventorying and Monitoring of faunal diversity in various states, ecosystems and protected areas of India. Periodic review of the status of threatened and endemic species. Preparation of Red Data Book and Fauna of India. Biological studies on selected important species. Maintenance and Development of National Zoological Collections.
Incorrect
The objectives of ZSI are: Exploration, Survey, Inventorying and Monitoring of faunal diversity in various states, ecosystems and protected areas of India. Periodic review of the status of threatened and endemic species. Preparation of Red Data Book and Fauna of India. Biological studies on selected important species. Maintenance and Development of National Zoological Collections.
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Question 80 of 85
80. Question
Which of these strategies is employed by the FREEP in India?
Correct
The Forestry Research Education and Extension Project FREEP (A World Bank Initiative) in India is employing a strategy called ‘eco development’ which enlists local commodities in the preservation of biodiversity. The strategy involves developing alternate resources and sources of income for those who depend on the protected natural habitat (forest) for their livelihood.
Incorrect
The Forestry Research Education and Extension Project FREEP (A World Bank Initiative) in India is employing a strategy called ‘eco development’ which enlists local commodities in the preservation of biodiversity. The strategy involves developing alternate resources and sources of income for those who depend on the protected natural habitat (forest) for their livelihood.
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Question 81 of 85
81. Question
In which of these places FREEP is conducting programs in Tamil Nadu?
Correct
FREEP is conducting pilot eco development programs in the Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR) in Tamil Nadu. The reserve contains a unique and varied array of flora ranging from thorn and dry teak to tropical evergreen, and supports a rich variety of birds and mammals, including tigers, leopards and elephants. The last tiger refuge in Tamil Nadu, the KMTR is one of 50 sites covered under the Indian Government’s Project Tiger, a programed receiving international assistance to enhance tiger habitat.
Incorrect
FREEP is conducting pilot eco development programs in the Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR) in Tamil Nadu. The reserve contains a unique and varied array of flora ranging from thorn and dry teak to tropical evergreen, and supports a rich variety of birds and mammals, including tigers, leopards and elephants. The last tiger refuge in Tamil Nadu, the KMTR is one of 50 sites covered under the Indian Government’s Project Tiger, a programed receiving international assistance to enhance tiger habitat.
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Question 82 of 85
82. Question
Which of the following facts is not related to the United Nations convention on Biological Diversity?
Correct
The United Nations convention on Biological Diversity, known as CBD in short, was signed by India and 172 other nations on December 29, 1993. The CBD was an attempt to establish an international program for conserving and using the world’s biological resources. This historical treaty recognizes the “sovereign right of nation over their genetic resources” and considers “appropriate access to genetic resources.” The treaty also takes into account the “fair and equitable sharing” of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.
Incorrect
The United Nations convention on Biological Diversity, known as CBD in short, was signed by India and 172 other nations on December 29, 1993. The CBD was an attempt to establish an international program for conserving and using the world’s biological resources. This historical treaty recognizes the “sovereign right of nation over their genetic resources” and considers “appropriate access to genetic resources.” The treaty also takes into account the “fair and equitable sharing” of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.
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Question 83 of 85
83. Question
Where did the convention of Earth Summit held in the year 1992?
Correct
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is a United Nations initiative to protect Biodiversity and encourage the sustainable use of natural resources. The convention was held in 1992 at the ‘Earth Summit’ in Brazil. India is a signatory of the CBD.
Incorrect
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is a United Nations initiative to protect Biodiversity and encourage the sustainable use of natural resources. The convention was held in 1992 at the ‘Earth Summit’ in Brazil. India is a signatory of the CBD.
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Question 84 of 85
84. Question
Which of these acts preserve the biological diversity in India?
Correct
The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 is an Act of the Parliament of India for preservation of biological diversity in India, and provides mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and knowledge. The Act was enacted to meet the obligations under Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to which India is a party
Incorrect
The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 is an Act of the Parliament of India for preservation of biological diversity in India, and provides mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and knowledge. The Act was enacted to meet the obligations under Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to which India is a party
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Question 85 of 85
85. Question
In which year the National Biodiversity Authority was established?
Correct
The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) was established by the Central Government in 2003 to implement India’s Biological Diversity Act (2002). The NBA is a Statutory Body and it performs facilitative, regulatory and advisory functions for the Government of India on issues of conservation, sustainable use of biological resources and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of biological resources.
Incorrect
The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) was established by the Central Government in 2003 to implement India’s Biological Diversity Act (2002). The NBA is a Statutory Body and it performs facilitative, regulatory and advisory functions for the Government of India on issues of conservation, sustainable use of biological resources and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of biological resources.
Leaderboard: Biodiversity and its conservation Online Test 12th Science Questions
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